Minerals and Rocks
Erosion and the Earth's Crust
Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Mountains
Surprise, Surprise, Surprise
Fossils and Geologic Time
100
The thin outermost layer of Earth.
What is the crust?
100
The physical break-up or disintegration of rocks
What is mechanical weathering?
100
A method of measurement scientists use to describe the magnitude of earthquakes.
What is the Richter scale?
100
The name of the supercontinent before continental drift.
What is Pangaea?
100
A place in Alberta which has lots of fossils.
What is Drumheller?
200
The naturally occuring building block of rocks
What are minerals?
200
One of the most powerful causes of erosion.
What is water in motion? Not just water, water in motion.
200
When volcanoes are not active they are described as this.
Dormant
200
The sudden breaking of the rock releases energy that spreads as waves through the Earth. These waves are called ______.
What are seismic waves?
200
If the organism who left the fossil was on the Earth for a short time and widespread then it is called an ______.
What is an index fossil?
300
Melted rock below the surface called ______
What is magma
300
The three layers of the Earth in order from the top of the Earth to the center
What is the crust, mantle, core?
300
The top part of a folded rock.
What is anticline?
300
Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are examples of this type of change.
What is a sudden change?
300
The organism who lived at the bottom of the ocean, but whose fossils we find on high mountains like the Himalayan Mountains.
What are trilobites?
400
The processes that turn metamorphic rock into sediment.
What is weathering and erosion?
400
The theory that geological plates are always moving on the Earth's mantle.
What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
400
This folding action in mountain formation occurs when sedimentary rock is squeezed from the sides, forming into slabs that move up and over each other like shingles on a roof.
What are fault thrusting?
400
Magma that cools and hardens below the Earth's surface. It may later be exposed by erosion.
What is intrusive igneous rock?
400
The technique of using how deep in the layers of rock a fossil is found to determine when the organisms the fossil came from lived?
What is relative dating
500
The process of placing/depositing the materials that are carried by water, wind and ice.
What is sedimentation/ deposition?
500
When two plates collide or converge one is shoved under the other.
What is a subduction zone?
500
The main piece of evidence that supports the Theory of Sea Floor Spreading.
As new rock forms, it takes on the magnetic polarity of the Earth at the time of formation (direction of magnetite)
500
This mineral helps carry oxygen in the blood.
What is iron/ pyrite?
500
When water penetrates the bones of a dead animal, the water dissolves the calcium carbonate in the bones. A deposit of another very hard mineral, silica (quartz) remains, turning the bones in a rock-like substance.
What is petrification/ petrified fossils?