Cell Movement
What is passive transport?
movement of molecules across the membrane without the use of energy. High to low concentration.
Where does energy for photosynthesis come from?
the sun
What is the energy created by cellular respiration called?
ATP
What is the result/purpose of mitosis?
create two identical cells
Say one lab we did in bio this trimester. Needs to include the process/purpose (we've done 3)
Cell size lab with potatoes and iodine
Alien BTB lab with changing colors depending on gas
Osmosis and diffusion lab with grapes and raisins
What is active transport?
movement of molecules across the membrane with the use of ATP. Low to high concentration.
Where in the cell does photosynthesis take place?
the chloroplast
Where does cellular respiration take place?
Mitochondria
What do we call the cells that go through mitosis?
Body/somatic cells
In the cell size lab, what did we learn about the importance of cell size?
The smaller "cells" are more efficient at "nutrients" to enter. The iodine got in faster than in the bigger cells.
What is the main difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
Endocytosis: a process that brings molecules into the cell
Exocytosis: a process that brings molecules out of the cell
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Sugar(glucose) and oxygen
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
Sugar (glucose) and oxygen
Which step of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
metaphase
In the alien BTB lab, when humans blew into the liquid, it turned yellow. But when Herbarians blew into the liquid, it turned blue. What gases caused which colors?
Blue - Oxygen
Yellow - Carbon dioxide
What is osmosis and why is it considered passive transport?
It is the diffusion of water across the membrane and it doesn't require energy.
What is the purpose of plants having mitochondria if they have chloroplasts?
They need to make the sugar into ATP. Sugar is food.
How are the reactions of cellular respiration and photosynthesis related?
They are opposite reactions
What are the phases of the cell cycle? Must be in order.
Interphase -> prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase -> telophase -> cytokinesis
Define or explain the terms: solute, solvent, solution
Solute: a solid, liquid, or gas that is dissolved in a solvent - gets dissolved
Solvent: a liquid in which a solute is added to make a solution - does the dissolving
Solution: a mixture in which a solute is evenly distributed throughout a solvent
What are 2 differences between active and passive transport?
Passive: moves high to low; no energy
Active: moves low to high; uses ATP
Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis on the board. Hint: there are 5 parts
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight/light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Write the balanced equation for cellular respiration. Hint: There are 5 parts
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
What occurs during mitosis? Describe it. Need to say at least 1 thing from the 4 different stages, including the phase name.
Prophase: nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear, centrioles move to poles, chromosomes condense, spindle fibers begin to stretch across the cell
Metaphase: chromosome pairs line up in center, spindle fiber attaches to centromere of chromosomes
Anaphase: chromosome pairs separate and move to opposite ends
Telophase: two nuclei form, chromosomes change to chromatin (decondense)
Cytokinesis: cytoplasm separates and two new cells form (membrane pinches in animal cells, cell wall forms in plant cells)
Define the following terms or use examples to describe: hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic.
Hypotonic: concentration of water in cell is lower than the outside so water will move into the cell OR concentration of solute is higher in the cell than the outside so water will move into the cell OR specific example
Hypertonic: concentration of water in cell is is higher than the outside so water will move out of the cell OR concentration of solute is lower in the cell than the outside so water will move out of the cell OR specific example
Isotonic: concentration of water or solute is equal in the cell and the outside so water will go in/out to maintain equilibrium OR specific example