Bath Bombs
Which of the following is considered matter?
A. Heat only
B. Light only
C. Solids, liquids, and gases
D. Sound only
C. Solids, liquids, and gases
Explanation: Gases, liquids, and solids are all forms of matter.
A chemical reaction that transfers energy to its surroundings is called an __________ reaction.
Answer: exothermic
Explanation: Exothermic reactions release energy and feel warm.
Glucose molecules are much __________ than starch molecules.
Answer: smaller
Explanation: Glucose can pass through spaces that starch molecules cannot.
Which protein is most closely connected to the extra-big muscle trait in cattle?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Collagen
C. Myostatin
D. Keratin
Answer: C Myostatin
Explanation: Myostatin influences muscle growth.
Which statement best connects the Bath Bomb and MRE units?
A. Both involve only physical changes.
B. Both involve chemical reactions.
C. Neither involves matter.
D. Both involve genetics.
Answer: B Both involve chemical reactions.
Explanation: Both units focus on chemical reactions and how matter changes.
Matter has mass and takes up __________.
Answer: space
Explanation: Anything that is matter has mass and occupies space.
A chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings is called an __________ reaction.
Answer: endothermic
Explanation: Endothermic reactions absorb energy and often feel cold.
In a healthy digestive system, which two substances mainly remain in the large intestine?
A. Glucose and protein
B. Water and fiber
C. Fat and starch
D. Amino acids and glucose
Answer: B Water and fiber
Explanation: Most nutrients are absorbed before reaching the large intestine.
A chart showing the chromosomes of an organism is called a __________.
Answer: karyotype
Explanation: A karyotype shows chromosome pairs.
Atoms cannot be divided or __________ during chemical reactions.
Answer: destroyed
Explanation: Atoms are rearranged, not destroyed.
What is all matter made of?
A. Energy
B. Particles
C. Heat
D. Cells
Answer: B Particles
Explanation: All matter is made of particles called atoms.
What are constraints?
A. Features that improve performance
B. Limits or restrictions placed on a design
C. Observations collected during testing
D. Types of chemical reactions
Answer: B Limits or restrictions placed on a design
Explanation: Constraints are limits such as cost, safety, or mass.
What is the primary job of the small intestine?
A. Store food
B. Absorb small food molecules into the body
C. Produce oxygen
D. Excrete waste
Answer: B Absorb small food molecules into the body
Explanation: The small intestine absorbs nutrients.
When fertilization occurs, what joins together?
A. Two muscle cells
B. Two body cells
C. A sperm and an egg
D. Two chromosomes
Answer: C A sperm and an egg
Explanation: Fertilization occurs when sperm and egg cells combine.
What happens to some complex carbohydrates in the mouth?
A. They turn into fat.
B. They disappear completely.
C. They are broken down into glucose.
D. They become fiber.
Answer: C They are broken down into glucose.
Explanation: Digestion begins breaking carbohydrates into smaller molecules.
Density and flammability are examples of __________.
Answer: properties
Explanation: Properties are characteristics that help identify substances.
Which reaction was identified as the best candidate for the homemade heater?
A. Baking soda and vinegar
B. Steel wool and vinegar
C. Root killer and aluminum foil in saltwater
D. Water and salt
Answer: C Root killer and aluminum foil in saltwater
Explanation: This reaction produced the greatest increase in temperature.
What are villi?
A. Tiny muscles in the stomach
B. Finger-like projections in the small intestine
C. Cells that carry oxygen
D. Structures found in the lungs
Answer: B Finger-like projections in the small intestine
Explanation: Villi increase surface area for absorption.
Different versions of the same gene are called __________.
Answer: alleles
Explanation: Alleles are different forms of a gene.
What happens when food burns?
A. Matter disappears completely.
B. A chemical reaction releases energy.
C. Oxygen is created.
D. New atoms are formed.
Answer: B A chemical reaction releases energy.
Explanation: Burning food releases stored chemical energy.
What is a molecule?
A. One atom by itself
B. A type of property
C. More than one atom connected together
D. A phase change
Answer: C More than one atom connected together
Explanation: Molecules contain two or more atoms connected together.
What does MRE stand for?
MRE stands for Meal, Ready-to-Eat, a packaged meal often used in emergencies.
The chemical reaction that occurs in body cells to release energy is called___________.
Answer: cellular respiration
Explanation: Cellular respiration releases usable energy for cells.
What determines which protein an organism produces?
A. Temperature only
B. Exercise only
C. The organism's genotype
D. The organism's age
Answer: C The organism's genotype
Explanation: An organism's genotype helps determine which proteins are produced.
Food must react with __________ to release energy during burning.
Answer: oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is required for the reaction.
The original substances present before a chemical reaction are called __________.
Answer: reactants
Explanation: Reactants are the starting materials in a reaction.
A temperature increase during a chemical reaction is evidence that __________ is being transferred.
Answer: energy
Explanation: When temperature increases, it shows that energy is moving from one system to another.
According to the unit, why was M'Kenna experiencing weight loss and low energy?
A. She was exercising too much.
B. She was breathing too little oxygen.
C. Her small intestine was absorbing less food than a healthy person's.
D. Her stomach was producing too much acid.
Answer: C Her small intestine was absorbing less food than a healthy person's.
Explanation: She was absorbing fewer nutrients, leading to less matter and energy for her body.
A tool used to predict the possible genetic outcomes of offspring is called a __________ square.
Answer: Punnett
Explanation: Punnett squares help predict genotype probabilities.
How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction?
A. It uses sperm and egg cells.
B. It produces genetically identical offspring.
C. It creates more genetic variation.
D. It requires two parents.
Answer: B It produces genetically identical offspring.
Explanation: Asexual reproduction produces offspring with the same genetic information as the parent.
What are products?
A. The original substances in a reaction
B. The materials used to measure mass
C. The new substances produced by a chemical reaction
D. Substances that do not react
Answer: C The new substances produced by a chemical reaction
Explanation: Products are formed after a reaction occurs.
During the engineering design process, students tested and improved a __________ before creating a final design.
Answer: prototype
Explanation: A prototype is an early version of a design used for testing and improvement.
What are the main inputs for the body's cellular respiration process?
A. Carbon dioxide and water
B. Glucose and oxygen
C. Fiber and water
D. Fat and protein
Answer: B Glucose and oxygen
Explanation: Cells use glucose and oxygen to release energy.
Why don't all siblings look exactly alike?
A. They inherit different combinations of alleles.
B. They inherit different numbers of chromosomes.
C. They always have different parents.
D. Their genes disappear over time.
Answer: A They inherit different combinations of alleles.
Explanation: Different allele combinations can lead to different traits.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Only genes affect traits.
B. Only environmental factors affect traits.
C. Traits are influenced by both genes and environmental factors.
D. Traits are completely random.
Answer: C Traits are influenced by both genes and environmental factors.
Explanation: The Genetics unit concludes that both genes and environmental factors influence traits.
What happens during a chemical reaction?
A. Atoms disappear
B. Molecules break apart and atoms rearrange into new molecules
C. Mass is destroyed
D. Matter becomes energy
Answer: B Molecules break apart and atoms rearrange into new molecules
Explanation: Chemical reactions rearrange atoms into new substances.
Energy that leaves the heater and warms the surrounding air is energy transferred to the __________.
Answer: environment
Explanation: Any energy that goes into the surrounding air is energy that is not being used to heat the food efficiently.
What are villi?
Villi are tiny finger like projections found in the small intestine. They are responsible for nutrient absorption.
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans typically have?
23 pairs
What do you call an organized model of biological relationships?
A Pedigree