Confederation
What is Confederation?
The joining of the provinces to make a new country.
What are the two laws/agreements that affected First Nations in early Canada?
The Numbered Treaties and the Indian Act!
What is the act that brought Eastern Europeans/Immigrants to Canada to farm?
The Homestead Act (1872-1918)
What is the main thing that the CPR did for Canadians?
Connect all of Canada together! For better travel between the provinces without relying solely on horses.
How large is 160 acres?
roughly the size of Disneyland OR 120 American Football fields.
When did the Confederation occur in Canada?
1867
How did the Numbered Treaties affect First Nations?
The Crown/Government of Canada viewed this as First Nations giving legal ownership of land to them.
Whereas First Nations did not view land as something that could be owned by someone.
Promises of farming supplies, payments, etc were given but late and not timely.
What were the criteria for the Homestead Act? (ie. what did you get, what did you need to do?)
Gave 160 acres of land for free to any male farmer if:
1. agreed to farm or cultivate 40 acres of the land they were given
2. build a permanent dwelling within 3 years.
3. Pay $10 for the registration fee
Roughly how much did it cost the Government of Canada to build the railway?
$63.5 million in public funds and the government load of $35 million.
This is only the monetary cost! Not to mention the workers killed in its creation and the displacement of Indigenous peoples.
What does NWMP stand for?
North-West Mounted Police
What are the 'Fathers of Confederation'?
Can you name one?
Those who represented the British North American colonies at various conferences about confederation.
The main three are Sir John A. Macdonald, George-Étienne Cartier, and George Brown!
How does the Indian Act affect the live of First Nations in Canada?
It controls all aspects of First Nations lives. To the point that it is used to assimilate this group & erase their culture/identity. Introduced Indian Agents to "control" and "manage" First Nations on Reserves.
Still a law today with minor changes.
What is propaganda?
Advertisements that are meant to persuade people to think/do a certain thing.
For example, move to Canada to farm.
What is the second perspective of the Canadian Pacific Railway?
From a negative viewpoint. Chinese workers face racism & death while building it. Built on Indigenous lands without consent.
What is an assembly line?
The new way for factories to run. Having one worker do one simple task, over, and over again. Just one small step in the creation of something.
Allowing uneducated workers to come and excel at these tasks!
What are the 'Mothers of Confederation'?
Can you name one?
Refers to the daughters and wives of the Fathers of Confederation. They were other vital political players for Confederation! Even keeping detailed logs of this time period through Journal entries.
Some key Mothers of Confederation are... Anne Brown, Lady Agnes Macdonald, Luce Cuvillier, Mercy Anne Coles.
What was the legal system that began in 1885 that effected Métis peoples?
The Métis Scrip system
What started the Red River Resistance/Rebellion?
The Hudson's Bay Company selling Ruperts Land to the government. Without the Métis' consent or knowledge.
What caused the Second Industrial Revolution?
The creation of the CPR!
When the term 'Indigenous' is used, what three groups of people are being referred to?
First Nations, Métis, and Inuit
What are the three conferences that led to Confederation happening?
Charlottetown Conference (1864)
Quebec Conference (1864)
London Conference (1866)
Why were the Numbered Treaties, Indian Act, and Metis Scrip System used?
To control & take from Indigenous peoples. Also, the result of Confederation.
What is the main job of NWMP?
How did the Second Industrial Revolution impact workers?
Had focus shifted to production and away from the health/safety of workers.
Can you correctly order the provinces to join the Confederation?
(counts if you get at least the first group of 4 & second group of 2)
1867-Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
1870-Manitoba, Northwest Territories
1871-British Columbia
1873-Prince Edward Island
1898-Yukon Territory
1905-Alberta, Saskatchewan
1949-Newfoundland and Labrador
1999-Nunavut