Matter and Particles
Resistance to Flow
Learning to Float
100
Give an example of a homogeneous mixture.
Homogeneous mixtures are solutions (every part of the mixture is the same even though there are different substances mixed together). Ex: paints, vinegar, air, Kool-Aid
100
What is the formula to calculate flow rate?
flow rate = mL/second OR flow rate = L/second
100
Fluid includes these two states of matter.
Liquid and gas.
200
1) What is the difference between MASS and WEIGHT and what are their units? 2) How do you calculate WEIGHT?
1) MASS - amount of matter in a substance (kg). WEIGHT - the force of gravity exerted on an object (newtons). 2) WEIGHT = MASS X 9.81m/s2 (OR X 10m/s2)
200
To INCREASE the viscosity of a GAS, what should you do to the temperature?
INCREASE the temperature (this increases collisions between particles which makes it harder to flow).
200
This force allows things to float.
BUOYANT FORCE.
300
You were adding a solute to water (the solvent) in a beaker and it was dissolving nicely. You added a little bit more solute and suddenly it started forming crystals in the beaker. This is now called a __________ solution.
Supersaturated!
300
You want to increase the viscosity of a liquid. To do this you must 1) ________ temperature. 2) Why?
1) DECREASE 2) this increases attractive forces between liquid particles, making it more viscous (flows more slowly).
300
Using Archimedes' Principle, you can calculate the buoyant force by...?
Calculating the weight of the FLUID DISPLACED by the object.
400
Why do gases have no set volume?
They are able to move in all directions.
400
You emptied a 20mL of oil over a frying pan in 10 seconds. What is the flow rate of the oil?
Flow rate = mL/second = 20mL/10seconds = 2mL/s
400
Machine oil has a density of 0.9 g/mL. Ethyl alcohol has a density of 0.8 g/mL. 1) Which has greater density? 2) Which will float on top of the other one?
1) Machine oil has greater density (0.9 > 0.8) 2) Therefore, knowing that denser things SINK, the ethyl alcohol will FLOAT on top of the machine oil, because it's density is lower.
500
What are the 5 points in the Particle Theory of Matter?
1) All substances are made up of tiny particles. 2) All particles in a pure substance are the same. Different pure substances are made up of different particles. 3) Particles have spaces between them. 4) Particles are always in motion (vibrating/rotating) in liquids/gases. Motion increases with temperature. 5) Particles in a substance are attracted to one another. Strength of attraction depends on the type of particle.
500
You know that a certain type of oil has a flow rate of 2mL/s. If you HEAT up 20mL of oil so its flow rate DOUBLES and then pour it over a frying pan, how long should it take to flow over the frying pan?
Original flow rate is 2mL/s but it is HEATED and so its flow rate doubles to 4mL/s. Flow rate = mL/s Seconds = mL/flow rate = 20mL/4(mL/s) = 5 seconds!
500
The ballast tank in the submarine acts very similarly to the swim bladder in a fish. For both, they increase their average density to sink. The fish's bladder expels air to sink, whereas the ballast tank does this to sink.
The ballast tank fills with seawater, which pushes the air in the ballast tank through the top vents to the outside. This increases the average density of the submarine and so it sinks.
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