Fluid Fundamentals & Matter
This is defined as anything that has no fixed shape and can flow, usually encompassing liquids and gases.
What is a fluid?
In a solution, this is the name given to the substance that actually does the dissolving.
What is a solvent?
This property describes how quickly a fluid flows, determined by the internal friction keeping it from flowing easily.
What is viscosity?
This is defined as the amount of matter packed into a given volume.
What is density?
This mathematical formula is used to calculate pressure.
What is Pressure = Force / Area (or P = F/A)?
Unlike a mixture, this type of matter is made up of only one kind of particle and cannot be separated into different substances.
What is a pure substance?
Water is often given this title because it is capable of dissolving so many different kinds of substances.
What is the universal solvent?
If a fluid has high internal friction and resists flowing easily, it is said to have this property.
What is high viscosity?
This is the upward force exerted by a liquid that opposes the downward pull of gravity on an object.
What is the buoyant force (or buoyancy)?
Liquids are described by this term because they cannot be compressed easily due to the lack of space between their particles.
What is incompressible?
A solution is also known by this chemical name because it looks identical throughout and has an even distribution of particles.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
This term describes a solution in which no more solute can possibly dissolve at that specific temperature.
What is a saturated solution?
As the temperature of a liquid increases, its viscosity does this.
What is decrease? (It flows faster/becomes thinner)
If an object dropped into a fluid has a density that is lower than the fluid itself, the object will do this.
What is float?
This is the standard unit of measurement for pressure, which is equal to 1 Newton of force over an area of 1 square meter.
What is a Pascal (Pa)?
This item is manufactured by heating a mixture of sand, limestone, and other substances to 1000°C until it becomes a fluid that can be blown or shaped.
What is glass?
This term is used to describe any solution where water acts as the solvent.
What is an aqueous solution?
If you want to increase the rate at which a solid dissolves in a liquid without heating it up or crushing it, you can perform this mechanical action to move the particles around.
What is stirring?
An object will sink in a fluid when this downward pull is stronger than the upward buoyant force of the liquid.
What is gravity?
Detergents feature these specific particles that attach themselves to dirt and oil, effectively separating them from fabrics.
What are surfactants?
Soil and mixed vegetables are both classic examples of this specific type of mixture where you can physically see the distinct components.
What is a mechanical mixture (or heterogeneous mixture)?
These are the three main ways you can actively increase the rate at which a solid dissolves. (GIVE 3 ANSWERS)
What are increasing temperature, reducing the size of pieces (increasing surface area), and stirring?
This internal physical force or resistance between individual fluid particles is what directly determines how high or low a fluid's viscosity will be.
What is friction?
These are primary sets of units used to express the density of solids.
What are grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3)?
If a tractor has a weight of 12,000 N and spreads its weight over an area of 3 square meters (3 m^2), this is the exact amount of pressure it exerts on the ground.
What is 4,000 Pascals (Pa)? (Derived from 12,000 N / 3 m^2).