Matter
What do you call the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element?
A. Atom
B. Mass
C. Nucleus
D. Volume
A. Atom
Matter is made up of particles. Which of the following is NOT correct about the basic aspects of the particles of matter?
A. Particles of matter repel each other.
B. Particles of matter attract each other.
C. Particles have spaces in between them.
D. Particles of matter are moving all the time.
A. Particles of matter repel each other.
Matter changes its state when it undergoes physical processes such as heating, cooling, or pressure changes. What happens when matter changes its state?
A. Chemical Change
B. Irreversible Change
C. Phase Change
D. Physical Change
C. Phase Change
Atoms consist of subatomic particles. Which of the following subatomic particles is found outside the nucleus of an atom?
A. Electron
B. Neutron
C. Proton
D. All of the above
C. Proton
X-rays have played a crucial role in revealing the unique emission patterns of elements, leading to the discovery of their distinct atomic structures. Who utilized X-rays to arrange the elements and uncovered that each element possesses a distinct emission pattern?
A. Dmitri Mendeleev
B. Henry Moseley
C. Lothar Meyer
D. William Ramsay
B. Henry Moseley
Which of the following has a definite shape and volume?
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Plasma
D. Solid
D. Solid
Energy is added when a substance is heated. What happens to particles of matter when it is heated?
A. The motion of particles slows down.
B. The motion of particles moves faster.
C. The particles will lose energy.
D. Nothing will happen.
B. The motion of particles moves faster.
What phase change occurs when there is fogging up on your eyeglasses when you get off an air-conditioned bus?
A. Condensation
B. Evaporation
C. Freezing
D. Melting
A. Condensation
Subatomic particles possess electrical charges. What is the charge of electrons?
A. +1
B. -1
C. 0
D. -2
B. -1
Some elements have symbols that derive from their Latin names, reflecting historical and linguistic connections within the periodic table. Which of the elements has a symbol that starts with a letter of its Latin Name?
A. Aluminum
B. Gold
C. Oxygen
D. Zinc
B. Gold
The compressibility of particles of matter varies depending on their arrangement and state. Which of the following shows an increasing compressibility of the particles of matter?
A. Gas 🡪 Solid 🡪 Liquid
B. Gas 🡪 Liquid 🡪 Solid
C. Solid 🡪 Liquid 🡪 Gas
D. Solid 🡪 Gas 🡪 Liquid
C. Solid 🡪 Liquid 🡪 Gas
Temperature changes can significantly influence the behavior of molecules in matter. What happens to the molecules’ kinetic energy when heated?
A. Kinetic energy decreases.
B. Kinetic energy increases.
C. The kinetic energy remains the same.
D. None of the above
B. Kinetic energy increases.
The transition from liquid to gas occurs when a substance undergoes vaporization, converting from a liquid state to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature or a decrease in pressure. Which of the following situations shows a change from liquid to gas?
A. Boiling water in a kettle
B. Burning a candle.
C. Dissolving salt in water
D. Chopping wood into smaller pieces
A. Boiling water in a kettle
Early experiments with cathode-ray tubes paved the way for significant discoveries in atomic structure. Who discovered the protons through his cathode-ray tube experiment?
A. Ernest Rutherford
B. James Chadwick
C. Joseph John Thomson
D. William Ramsay
A. Ernest Rutherford
Elements belonging to the same family share similar chemical properties and characteristics. What is the family name of the element Calcium (Ca)?
A. Alkali Metals
B. Alkaline-earth Metals
C. Halogens
D. Noble Gases
B. Alkaline-earth Metals
The arrangement of particles differs between solid, liquid, and gas states. What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?
A. Particles are closer to one another, bumping into one another as they move.
B. Particles are packed closely together in fixed positions.
C. Particles have a large distance between them.
D. Particles have no spaces in between them.
B. Particles are packed closely together in fixed positions.
How do the characteristics of particles of matter, such as their size and composition, affect the physical and chemical properties of different substances?
A. The size and composition of particles do not affect the physical or chemical properties of substances.
B. The size of particles affects the physical properties of substances, but not their chemical properties.
C. The composition of particles affects the chemical properties of substances, but not their physical properties.
D. Both the size and composition of particles can affect both the physical and chemical properties of substances.
D. Both the size and composition of particles can affect both the physical and chemical properties of substances.
Phase changes occur when the energy of particles within a substance changes, leading to changes in the arrangement and behavior of the particles. What will be the order of the phase change when gas particles lose its energy?
A. Gas → Solid → Liquid
B. Gas → Liquid → Solid
C. Gas → Solid
D. Gas → Gas
B. Gas → Liquid → Solid
Understanding the composition of neutral atoms involves determining the balance between their protons and electrons. How to solve the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom?
A. Number of Protons and Electrons = Atomic Number – Mass Number
B. Number of Protons and Electrons = Mass Number – Atomic Number
C. Number of Protons and Electrons = Atomic Number
D. Number of Protons and Electrons = Mass Number
C. Number of Protons and Electrons = Atomic Number
Which of the following includes all radioactive metals like Uranium?
A. Actinide Series
B. Halogens
C. Noble Gas
D. Lanthanide Series
A. Actinide Series
Why does cooking oil conform to the shape of its container while a ball does not?
A. It is because the ball has a definite volume only.
B. The ball is a solid that has a definite shape but indefinite volume.
C. Cooking oil has a definite volume and takes the shape of the container.
D. Cooking oil has a definite volume but does not take the shape of the container.
C. Cooking oil has a definite volume and takes the shape of the container.
How does the behavior of particles during a phase change affect the physical properties of a substance, such as its melting point?
A. The behavior of particles during a phase change does not affect on the physical properties of a substance.
B. The behavior of particles during a phase change affects the physical properties of a substance, such as its melting point, by increasing the kinetic energy of the particles.
C. The behavior of particles during a phase change affects the physical properties of a substance, such as its melting point, by decreasing the kinetic energy of the particles.
D. The behavior of particles during a phase change affects the physical properties of a substance, such as its melting point, by maintaining the kinetic energy of the particles.
B. The behavior of particles during a phase change affects the physical properties of a substance, such as its melting point, by increasing the kinetic energy of the particles.
Which of the following is NOT true about the particles of matter when it undergoes phase change?
A. When the particles lose energy, they slow down.
B. When the particles gain energy, they move faster.
C. The intermolecular forces between the particles change.
D. During a phase change, the mass of the matter always changes.
D. During a phase change, the mass of the matter always changes.
Which of the following is the correct way to solve the number of neutrons in a neutral atom?
A. Number of Neutrons = Mass Number x Atomic Number
B. Number of Neutrons = Atomic Number + Mass Number
C. Number of Neutrons = Mass Number – Atomic Number
D. Number of Neutrons = Mass Number
C. Number of Neutrons = Mass Number – Atomic Number
Halogens, as a group of elements, exhibit similar chemical behaviors and tend to form bonds with elements from other families to achieve stable electron configurations. To which family do halogens have a greater tendency to form bonds?
Example: Sodium and Chlorine forming Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
A. Alkali metals
B. Alkaline-earth metals
C. Metalloids
D. Transition metals
A. Alkali metals