Unit 1: Optics
What is the law of reflection? (Write down the statement)
angle of incidence = angle of reflection
What are three differences between animal and plant cells?
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Size of the Vacuole
Name two examples of incompressible fluids.
incompressible fluids (liquids)
Give an example each for erosion and deposition.
a) What coloured T-shirt absorbs all colours of light?
b) What coloured T-shirt reflects all colours of light?
absorb all colours: BLACK
reflect all colours: WHITE
What are the 5 levels of organization of a multicellular organism.
cell, tissuem, organ, organ system, organism
a)Object B is a solid that has a mass of 20 g and a volume of 10 cm3. What is its density? (show all your work by writing it down)
b)Will the object float or sink in water? Why?
a) density: d = m/v = 20g / 10cm3 = 2 g/cm3
b) object will sink in water (water's density = 1 g/ml)
Write down the 5 stages of the water cycle. (spelling counts!)
evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, run-off
What is the difference between a convex mirror and a concave mirror? Give one daily life example of each mirror.
Concave: dentist mirrors, make- up, shaving mirror
Convex: Store surveillance mirror, rear-view & side-view mirrors
Certain materials are allowed to pass through this and others are prevented from passing through. The type of cell membrane that is present in a plant and animal cell is called a ...(3 words--Write it down!) Spelling counts!
selectively permeable membrane
Name 3 out of the five statements of the particle theory of matter.
1. All matter is made of particles
2. Particles have space between them
3. Particles are always moving
4. Particles move faster and get farther apart when heated
5. Particles are attracted to each other
Explain using the term ”heat capacity” why the sand in the beach is hotter than the ocean water on a hot summer day.
Water has a higher heat capacity than sand, so it heats up and cools down more slowly. Sand heats up quickly because it has a low heat capacity.
When light is traveling from air to glass, does the refracted ray bend toward the normal or away from the normal? Explain why it moves like that.
from air -> glass, the light will bend toward the normal because glass it more dense than air.
What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? Give an example for each.
diffusion: movement of particles from low concentration to high concentration area
osmosis: is the diffusion of water (movement of only water molecules)
Name two examples of a hydraulic system, and two examples of a pneumatics system.
Hydraulic system: Car breaks, Dump trucks, Garbage tracks, Hydraulic lift,...etc
Pneumatic system: Bicycle pumps, Jackhammer, Nail guns, ... and a lot more
Name three differences between fresh water and salt water.
You can talk about: distribution, salinity, density, freezing point
fresh water: only 3% of all water on earth, low salinity, less dense, higher freezing point (will freeze first)
salt water: 97% of all water on earth, higher salinity, more dense, lower freezing point
Write down the seven types of electromagnetic radiation in order from the longest wavelength to the shortest wavelength.
radiowaves,microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-ray, gamma ray
Name the following parts of the heart. Write them down! (IMAGE)
superior vena cava, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta
A box puts a pressure of 50 N/m2 on an area of 2 m2. Find the force of the box on the floor. (Write down all your work)
P = F / A, F = P x A = 50 x 2 = 100N
Why does salinity of the ocean water increase near the equator? Why does it also increase near the poles?
equator: due to high evaporation of water near the equator (it's hot!)
poles: when water freezes and changes to ice, it leaves the salt behind-->The salt left behind in the water then increases the salinity of the water