Matter & States
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is matter?
Ca(OH)₂
Ca =
O =
H =
Total:
Ca = 1
O = 2
H = 2
Total: 5 atoms
Alkaline earth metals have how many valence electrons
2
protons and neutrons are located here
nucleus
The formula for Density
D = M / V
Has a definite shape and volume.
Solid
Al₂(SO₄)₃
Al =
S =
O =
Total:
Al₂(SO₄)₃
Al = 2
S = 3
O = 12
Total: 17 atoms
Halogens are part of which of the three categories on the periodic table
non-metals
this many electrons can exist in the 3rd orbit of a Bohr-Rutherford diagram
8
An object has a mass of 20 g and a volume of 10 mL. What is its density?
20/10 = 2g/ml
Has the same appearance throughout
Homogeneous mixture
2 Fe(NO₃)₃
Fe =
N =
O =
Total:
2 Fe(NO₃)₃
Fe = 2
N = 6
O = 18
Total: 26 atoms
Elements in the same group have what in common (3 answers)
physical and chemical properties
valence electrons
how many electrons are in the valence shell of Phosphorus
5
Will an object with a density of 0.8 g/mL float or sink in water.
Float
A pure substance is made of only one type of atom
5 Al₃(PO₄)₂
Al =
P =
O =
Total:
Al = 15
P = 10
O = 40
Total: 65
Why are noble gases considered unreactive?
They have a full valence shell (8)
An element has 15 protons and 16 neutrons. What is its mass number?
31
What happens to density if you double the mass but keep the volume the same?
Density doubles
A 20 g block of ice melts into 20 ml of liquid water inside a closed system. What happens to the mass and the particle spacing?
mass = stays the same
particle spacing = decreases in space
2 (NH₄)₂CO₃
N=
H =
C =
O =
total =
2 (NH₄)₂CO₃
N= 4
H = 16
C = 2
O = 6
total = 28
Element X has 7 valence electrons and is very reactive. Identify the family and group number
Which element has the electron arrangement 2, 8, 6?
Sulfur (S)
A block sinks in water but floats in oil. Rank their densities from least to greatest
Water < Block < Oil