Clause Chaos
What is an independent clause?
A complete thought with a subject and verb
What is a fused sentence?
Two more more independent clauses joined by zero punctuation or conjunctions
;
What is an appositive phrase?
A group of words that gives more information about a specific noun in a sentence.
There are three types of misplaced modifiers. Name them.
What are:
1. misplaced adjectives
2. misplaced adverbs
3. misplaced phrases
What is a dependent clause and how will it ALWAYS start?
An incomplete thought -- even if it has a subject and verb.
It will ALWAYS start with a subordinating conjunction (think AAWWWUBBISS)
What is a comma splice?
Two independent clauses joined by only a comma (lacking a conjunction)
1. to separate items in a long list
2. to separate 2 independent, related clauses
3. to separate two independent clauses with a a conjunctive adverb (eg: however, moreover, besides)
Solebury School, located on 40 bucolic acres, is a private high school in New Hope, Pa.
located on 40 bucolic acres > Solebury School
What is the misplaced modifier in the sentence and what type of error is it?
The man offered the dog to the boy with the brown collar.
misplaced modifier - with the brown collar
This is a misplaced adjective
What is a compound sentence and how do you punctuate it?
Two independent clauses joined by a comma and a FANBOYS
A) If you have a comma splice and decide to fix it with a FANBOY, what type of sentence do you have?
B) If you decided to fix it with a subordinating conjunction, what type of sentence do you have?
B) Complex
What is the error in the example below?
We lost power around 5 p.m.; and we didn't get it back for almost 48 hours.
no semicolon before a coordinating or subordinating conjunction
Write a sentence that:
1. Has an appositive phrase in the middle of a sentence
2. Underline the phrase and draw the arrow to the noun it is describing
3. Make sure punctuation is correct
Answer on paper
Identify the misplaced modifier, its type of error, and how you could fix it:
Running down the street, the flowers were blooming brightly.
misplaced modifier = running down the street
This is a misplaced adverb
Add the correct pronoun: Running down the street, I saw flowers blooming brightly.
What is a complex sentence and how do you punctuate it?
One independent and one dependent clause.
You only put a comma between them if the DEPENDENT CLAUSE STARTS THE SENTENCE
Don brought his dog to school he walks him every day.
Fix with comma and FANBOYS; fix with a semicolon; fix with a period; fix with a dash phrase.
Fix the error in the sentence:
You want to get an A however you are not submitting the homework.
You want to get an A; however, you are not submitting the homework.
Write a sentence that:
1. Has a dash phrase
2. Underline the phrase
3. Make sure punctuation is correct
Answer on paper
Identify the modifier error, its type of error, and how you could fix it:
The man was walking his dog in a leather jacket.
misplaced modifier = in a leather jacket
misplaced phrase (not describing the man but rather the location of the jacket)
The man in a leather jacket walked his dog.
Create a sentence with that conjunction and ensure it is properly punctuated.
NO COMMA BEFORE OR AFTER BECAUSE
Identify the errors below and fix them:
Lisa forgot to eat breakfast at home she ate in the dining hall instead, she felt full before first period.
Lisa forgot to eat breakfast at home; she ate in the dining hall, and she felt full before first period.
Insert semicolons where appropriate:
I have a few needs at the grocery store milk eggs fruit cheese and chips.
I have a few needs at the grocery store: milk; eggs; fruit; cheese; and chips.
FOR THE POINTS: Why is OK in this example to use a semicolon before "and"?
Write a sentence that incorporates both an appositive phrase AND a dash phrase.
Example:
Lisa, an English teacher, assigns her students a project called the documentary poetics collection -- a compilation of their research, visuals, and poetry.
What are the definitions of the three types of modifier errors?
Misplaced adjective: modifies or adds detail about the wrong noun
Misplaced adverb: modifies or adds detail about the wrong verb or adjective
Misplaced Phrase: entire clauses are misplaced and cause confusion (eg: prepositional phrases)