Gerund Vs. Infinitive
I want____________my English.
-to improve
-improving
to improve
the verb to want collocates with to infinitives.
I am _____ going to the party.
-no
-not
not
Use not to negate a verb.
I have___ extra time today; I think I'll go for a walk.
-any
-some
some
Use some for affirmative sentences.
Is it ___ late to call?
-to
-too
too
use too to mean in excess. (demasiado/twòp)
Too is also used to mean also. (también/tou)
When ice melts, it___into ice.
-turns
-would turn
turns
In zero conditional sentences, we use the present tense for both clauses. Use this structure to talk about things that are always true.
Avoid________double negatives in English.
-to use
-using
using
The verb, to avoid, collocates with gerunds.
There is_______milk in the fridge.
-no
-not
no
Use no before nouns with no article or quantifier.
I want to bake a cake but I don't have____sugar.
-some
-any
any
Use any in negative sentences.
You have the _____ to remain silent.
-right
-rite
right
Right can mean a legal entitlement. (derecho, dwa)
Right can also mean correct (correcto, kòrèk)
Right can also mean the opposite of left (derecha, adwat)
If it's raining tomorrow morning, I ____ my umbrella.
-bring
-will bring
will bring
In first conditional sentences, the if clause is in the present tense, and the result clause is in the future tense.
Use this structure to talk about events that are likely to happen in the future.
Do you enjoy_____new languages?
-to learn
-learning
learning
The verb, to enjoy, collocates with gerunds.
He is _____a bad person.
-no
-not
not
Use not before nouns with articles or quantifiers.
(a, an, some, any, many, much, etc.)
I didn't find____seashells at the beach today.
-some
-any
any
Use any for negative sentences.
I can't _____ to see you like this!
-bear
-bare
bear
To bear can mean to tolerate (soportar, sipòte)
To bear can also mean to carry (llevar, pote)
A bear is an animal (oso, lous)
If I lived by the beach, I_____much happier!
would be
will be
would be
In second conditional sentences, the if clause is in the simple past tense, and the resulting clause gets would.
Use this structure to talk about things that are not true.
Don't discourage me from_________my dreams.
-to chase
-chasing
chasing
When a verb follows a preposition, it must be in gerund form.
He is _____intelligent.
-no
-not
not
Use not before adjectives with no noun.
She needs to have____time to herself.
-some
-any
some
Use some for affirmative sentences.
I____by your house last night!
-passed
-past
passed
Passed is the past tense of to pass. (pasar, pase)
If I had set my alarm last night, I _____on time this morning!
-would wake up
-would have woken up
would have woken up
In a third conditional sentence, the if clause looks like the past perfect tense (had + past participle), and the result clause is formed with would (not) have + past participle.
Use this structure to talk about hypothetical events resulting from a hypothetical past.
I regret______that your application has been denied.
-to inform
-informing
to inform
When the verb, to regret, is followed by a gerund, it means to lament a past action.
Regret + to infinitive is used only to preface bad news and is almost always used with verbs inform or tell.
Learning English is ____small feat!
-no
-not
no
Use no before nouns with no article or quantifier, even if there's an adjective before the noun.
(SPEAKER HAS REASON TO BELIEVE THE ANSWER IS YES! e.g. the listener is looking at the ice cream and saying they're craving something cold and sweet.)
-Do you want _____ice cream?
-any
-some
some
When you have reason to believe the answer to your question is yes, use some. If you have no idea, use any.
Santa's ______ is full of gifts!
-slay
-sleigh
sleigh
A sleigh is an open, animal-drawn vehicle used to transport people or goods over snow or ice. (trineo, treno)
To slay is to kill violently. (matar, touye)
In contemporary slang, to slay is to do (something) very well.
Had I known you were sick, I _____you.
-visited
-would have visited
would have visited
In third conditional sentences, the resulting clause is structured as would have + past participle.
In formal texts, the if is sometimes dropped and the subject and had are transposed.