True or False?
Transitive verbs always require a direct object.
True
A transitive verb needs a direct object to complete its meaning.
"She put the keys on the table."
TV = put
AC = on the table.
In "She ran yesterday," yesterday is a...
Adjunct (Optional adverb indicating time).
Identify the Subject: "Mary ate the cookies."
Mary
Correct or Incorrect: "She put the keys."
Incorrect (e.g., "She put the keys in her bag").
Adverbial complements are optional parts of a sentence.
False
Adverbial complements are obligatory; removing them breaks grammar.
"The boss sent him to Chicago."
TV = sent
AC = to Chicago.
In "They arrived at the station in the morning," in the morning is a...
Adjunct (Optional time detail).
Identify the Transitive Verb: "The teacher explains the lesson."
explains
Make this valid: "He placed the vase."
e.g., "He placed the vase on the mantel".
In S + TV + D.O + A.C, removing the A.C makes the sentence ungrammatical.
True
Without the adverbial part, the structure is ungrammatical.
"He shoved his hands into his pockets."
TV = shoved
AC = into his pockets.
In "She put the book on the table," on the table is a...
Adverbial Complement (Required by the verb put).
Identify the Direct Object: "I set the groceries on the counter."
the groceries
Make this valid: "The boss sent him."
e.g., "The boss sent him to Chicago".
According to Bas Aarts, an adjunct is selected by the verb.
False
A complement is selected by the verb; an adjunct is optional.
"They pushed the cart through the aisle."
TV = pushed
AC = through the aisle.
An element that adds extra details like time, place, or manner.
Adjunct.
Identify the Adverbial Complement: "We took the kids to the park."
to the park
Make this valid: "She drove the car."
e.g., "She drove the car into the garage".
Verbs like put, place, and lay strictly require an adverbial complement.
True
Verbs like put, place, and lay lose meaning without an A.C.
"She threw the ball over the fence."
TV = threw
AC = over the fence.
An obligatory phrase usually showing place or direction telling where an object goes.
Adverbial Complement.
Identify the D.O and A.C: "They laid the map on the table."
Direct Object = the map, Adverbial Complement = on the table
Make this valid: "They pushed the cart."
e.g., "They pushed the cart through the aisle".