Reported Speech
Q: She says: "I am tired." → What does she say in reported speech?
She says (that) she is tired.
Use "had + past participle" to complete: By 9 a.m., she ___ (eat) breakfast.
had eaten
Rewrite in passive voice: "The chef cooks the meal."
The meal is cooked by the chef.
Fill in the blank with a modal of ability: She ___ speak three languages.
can / is able to
Complete the 1st conditional: "If it rains tomorrow, I ___ (stay) at home."
will stay
He said: "I live in Madrid." → Change to reported speech using the correct tense.
He said (that) he lived in Madrid.
Which sentence shows the earlier action clearly?
A) "She left before he arrived."
B) "She had left before he arrived."
B — "She had left before he arrived."
The past perfect shows which action happened first.
Rewrite in passive (past simple): "Someone stole my bike."
My bike was stolen.
Which modal expresses a strong obligation or rule? Use it in a sentence.
"must" or "have to" — e.g. "You must wear a seatbelt." / "You have to show your ID."
What type of situation does the 2nd conditional describe? Give one example sentence.
Imaginary, hypothetical, or unlikely present/future situations. E.g. "If I had a million euros, I would travel the world."
She said: "I am eating lunch." → Report this sentence, shifting the tense correctly
She said (that) she was eating lunch.
Complete with past perfect: When I got to the station, the train ___ (already / leave).
had already left
Rewrite in passive (present perfect):
"They have built a new school."
A new school has been built.
What is the difference between "must" and "should"? Give one example of each.
"Must" = strong obligation or necessity. "Should" = advice or recommendation. E.g. "You must stop at a red light." / "You should drink more water."
Identify the conditional type and explain its meaning: "If she studied harder, she would pass the exam."
2nd conditional — hypothetical situation. She doesn't study hard now, so passing is unlikely.
They said: "We have finished the project." → Write the reported speech version.
They said (that) they had finished the project.
Rewrite using the past perfect: "First he studied. Then he took the exam." → By the time he ___
By the time he took the exam, he had already studied.
Rewrite in passive (future with "will"): "They will announce the results tomorrow."
The results will be announced tomorrow.
Explain the difference: "You don't have to come." vs. "You mustn't come."
"Don't have to" = it's not necessary (but you can if you want). "Mustn't" = it's prohibited, you are not allowed to.
Correct the error: "If I will see him, I will tell him the news."
"If I see him, I will tell him the news." — After "if" in the 1st conditional we use present simple, not "will.
She asked me: "Where did you go last night?" → Write the reported question, including the correct word order and tense.
She asked me where I had gone the night before.
Correct the error and explain why: "After they ate dinner, they had watched a movie."
After they ate dinner, they watched a movie." The past perfect goes with the first action. Alternatively: "After they had eaten dinner, they watched a movie." is also correct.
Identify and correct the passive error: "The report was wrote by the manager last week."
"The report was written by the manager last week." — "wrote" is wrong; passive requires the past participle: "written."
Rewrite using a past modal: "It's possible that she missed the bus." (Use "might" in the past form.)
She might have missed the bus.
Create one correct 1st conditional and one correct 2nd conditional sentence using the topic of "travel."
Answers vary. 1st: "If I save enough money, I will visit Japan." 2nd: "If I could fly, I would travel everywhere for free."