Conditionals
Paying in cash entitles you to a special discount.
provided
You are entitled to a special discount ................................................ in cash.
provided that you pay
"Can I help you?" the woman offered
The woman offered to help me.
It's really important that you pay the bill today.
REMEMBER
You must ..... the bill today.
remember to pay
Venice is an Italian city. It is famous for its canals.
which/that is
The cat ____ ______ out of the window when I ______ home. (jump/arrive)
jumped
arrived
It would be foolish of him not to consider this opportunity.
if
It would be foolish of him ............................... this opportunity.
if he didn't consider
1. "I will buy a house tomorrow," Sara said.
2. "I can get a job in London now," Tim told me.
1. Sara said that she would be a house the next day/the following day.
2. Tim told me that he could get a job in London then.
1. A shop mended my CD player for me.
had
I _____________________at a shop.
2. He isn't allowed to smoke in the house
LET
she ......................................... in the house.
1. my CD player mended
2. doesn't let him smoke
1. "Up" is an animated movie about a old man. The old man makes his house fly.
2. We`ve decided to go to Edinburgh. In Edinburgh I will most likely find the love of my life.
1. who
2. where/ in which
Complete: Yesterday I __________ the garden when it ________ to rain. (work/start)
was working
started
The doctor warned him to quit smoking so that his health wouldn't deteriorate.
up
The doctor warned him that his health would deteriorate if ............................................. smoking.
he did not give up
1. "Will you buy a new car next month?", he asked me.
2. "Where did you go last weekend?", my friend asked me.
3. "What are you going to do tomorrow?", she asked her cousin.
1. He asked me if I would buy a new car the following month.
2. My friend asked me where I had gone the previous weekend / the weekend before.
3. She asked her cousin what she was going to do the following day.
1. I can help you with your kids MIND I _................................... you with your kids
2. The teacher saw two students leave the school.
WERE
Two students ............................... the school. 3. The garage on the corner usually repairs my car.
HAVE
I ..... by the garage on the corner.
1. don't mind helping
2. were seen to leave/ leaving
3. usually have my car repaired
1. The music is good. Julie listens to the music.
2. My brother met a woman. I used to work with the woman.
3. The country is very hot. He went to the country.
1. The music (which / that) Julie listens to is good.
2. My brother met a woman (who /that) I used to work with.
3. The country (which / that) he went to is very hot.
NB PREPOSITIONS GO AT THE END
Complete: I couldn't believe Jonah ____ ____ malaria. (catch). He __________ (only/ be) in Africa for 2 days and he _________ (take) his medication regularly before he left.
caught
had only been
had been taking/ had taken
I'll call the police if the neighbours don't stop shouting.
stop
I'll call the police ................................... shouting.
unless the neighbours stop
1. "you should take the 31 bus", she advised me
2. "Let's visit a recycling centre" she suggested.
3. "I will give you a hand with your homework" she offered
4. "Don't go in there," the policeman ordered me
1. She advised me to take the 31 bus
2. She suggested visiting a recycling centre
3. she offered to give me a hand with my homework
4. He ordered me not to go in there
1. The dentist will remove your wisdom tooth WILL You................................. removed
2. We had to go up the stairs because someone was using the lift. USED
The lift .................... we had to go up the stairs.
3. We mustn't park on the yellow line.
FORBIDDEN
It .......................................... on the yellow line.
4. If you aren't busy, you should visit the museum SUGGEST I ...................................if you have time
1. will have your wisdom tooth
2. was being used
3. is forbidden to park
4. suggest visiting the museum
1. A soccer pitch is a large area covered with grass. People play soccer on the pitch
2. Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia.
3. London is a city on the River Thames . The River Thames is a major river in England.
1.where/ on which
2. which
3. which
4. Who/ that
I ______ (get) home and could see that my sister __________ (cry)because her eyes were red. I asked her what __________ (happen) but she _______( tell) me not to worry and that she ________ (watch) a sad movie.
got
had been crying
had happened
told
had been watching
They missed the turn because they didn't see the sign.
sign
Had ............................................, they wouldn't have missed the turn
they seen the sign
MAKE THESE PASSIVE
1.they think he's crazy
2. people believe he fought in the war
3. Someone said he is the best in the business
4. They understood he was the first in his family to go to college
1. he is thought to be crazy
2. He is believed to have fought in the war
3. He was said to be the best in the business
4. He was understood to have been the first in his family to go to college
1. His mother wouldn't let him out until he'd done his homework MADE His mother ..................................... homework before he could go out
2. It's a bit hot. Could you open the window? MIND Would .......................... the window? It's a bit hot
3. We went to a cafe to have lunch in the middle of the drive STOPPED We ..............................at a cafe in the middle of the drive
4. If you want to be fit, maybe more exercise will help. TRY If you want to be fit, you .......................a bit more
1. made him do his
2. you mind opening
3. stopped to have
4. could/ shoud try exercising
CAN THESE RELATIVE CLAUSES BE REDUCED? HOW?
1. The boy who/ that you don’t like much wants to talk to you.
2. We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the city.
3. The boy who was attacked by a dog was taken to hospital.
4. Students who have enough maths and English skills will be admitted.
5. The dog whose owner lives next door is over there.
1. YES - object of defining clause so omit the relative pronoun (the boy you...)
2. YES - using a present participle (the bridge connecting)
3. YES - using past participle (the boy attacked)
4. YES - have= possession - with/ without (students with enough...)
5. NO- 'Whose' is always the subject of the relative clause and can't be left out
make a sentence using 3 of the following narrative tenses :
past simple, past perfect, past continuous, past perfect continuous
e.g by the time we got home, the programme had already finished and mum was cooking dinner even though she had been working hard all day.