Pre-Colonial History
Define "Since Time Immemorial".
A very long time ago, unknown in the record of history (predating European contact).
What tribal homelands are we on?
The Kalapuya
Which law established the Oregon Territory?
The Organic Act of 1848
Where were Native American children sent to be educated?
Boarding Schools
What is restoration?
To return something to its former condition.
In Native American culture, a small, egalitarian, kin-based group is called what?
A Band
Where is the Grand Ronde Reservation located?
Northwest Oregon, near Salem
How many acres of land did the Land Donation Act of 1850 award to married couples over 21?
320 Acres
What was the name of Oregon's Indian Boarding School?
Chemawa
What Civil Rights activist helped restore tribal recognition to the Grand Ronde Tribe?
Kathryn Harrison
A group of bands that share political views, language, religious beliefs, and other aspects of culture are referred to as what?
A Tribe
How many federally recognized tribes exist within the state of Oregon?
There are 9
How did the Dawes Allotment Act of 1887 affect the size of the Grand Ronde reservation?
It reduced the acreage by almost half.
Where is the Chemawa School located?
Salem, OR
What year did the tribal rights of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde get restored?
1983
How long ago does Native American history go back?
14,500 years ago.
When did Native Americans in Oregon first have contact with Europeans?
The mid to late 1700’s.
What year did Congress pass a bill to terminate the status of the Grand Ronde tribes?
1954
What were Native American students forbidden from doing in Boarding Schools?
Speaking their language and practicing their religion.
In Kathryn Harrison's speech, she refers to termination as the second what?
Trail of Tears
How many languages were once spoken in Oregon?
Over 100
What are the five tribes that make up the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde?
Molalla, Rogue River, Kalapuya, Umpqua and Chasta Costa
After the passage of the Western Oregon Indian Termination Act, how many Oregon tribes were ultimately terminated?
63 Tribes
According to Richard Henry Pratt, what was the solution to the "Indian Problem" and ultimate goal of boarding schools?
To remove all traces of Native culture to “kill the Indian and save the man”.
What date does the Grand Ronde Tribe celebrate in remembrance of restoration?
November 22nd