Kepler's 1st Law
Every orbit has this shape
Ellipse
What does periapsis mean?
The point closest to the sun/object of orbit
What is the equation for Kepler's 3rd Law?
P^2 alpha a^3
What is the equation for the universal law of gravitation?
F_G=G*(m_1m_2)/r^2
What is the equation for calculating acceleration due to gravity?
g=G*m/r^2
This is the name for how squished an orbit is. Double Points if you get the equation!
Eccentricity
E=c/a
What is apoapsis?
The point furthest from the star/object of orbit
This is the unit of distance when discussing orbits
AU - Astronomical Units
This is the average distance between the Earth and the Sun
What is the force of attraction between a 60.0 kg student in the senior parking lot and the school? The distance between the two is 100.000 m and the mass of the school 65,000,000 kg.
2.6 * 10^-5
N
Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the moon. The moon has a mass of
7.3*10^22 kg
and a radius of 1.7*10^6 m
1.68 m/s/s
What are foci?
Two points that are equidistant from the center
Where does a planet move fastest in its orbit?
Periapsis
The planet Pluto is 39.5 Au’s from the Sun. How long does is take to go around the Sun once?
248.25 years
If Planet A is 3x as far away from the sun as Planet B, which planet experiences a stronger gravitational force and by how much?
Planet B feels a stronger gravitational force and it is 9x stronger
Jupiter has a mass of 1.898* 10^27 kg and a radius of 7.15 *10^7 m. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity of Jupiter.
24.76 m/s/s
Draw an orbit with an eccentricity of 0.
Where does a planet move slowest in its orbit?
Apoapsis
Their is belt of asteroids between Mars and Jupiter. This belt circles the “inside” of our solar system and is called the Asteroid belt. This belt has a mean radius from the Sun of 2.6 Au’s. how long does it take for 1 asteroid to in the belt to travel around the Sun once?
4.192 Earth years
While on the surface of the the Earth a student has a weight of 450 N. If she is moved twice as far from the center of the Earth, then how does hew new weight compare to her old?
112.5 N
1/4 the weight
Mercury has an acceleration due to gravity of 3.686 m/s/s and a radius of 2.44*10^6 m. Find the mass of Mercury
(3.285*10^23) kg
The sun is always where in an orbit?
It is always at one focus
Write out Kepler's 2nd Law
The imaginary line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps equal areas of space during equal time intervals as the planet orbits
Europa orbits Jupiter every 3.55 Earth days. What is the length of Europa's semimajor axis?
0.0456 AU
If two objects, each with a mass of 550 kg, produce a gravitational force between them of 3.84x10^‐11 N. What is the distance between them?
725 m
Saturn has an average radius of 2.46 *10^7 m and an acceleration due to gravity of 11.24 m/s/s. What is the mass of Saturn?
1.02 *10^26 kg