Definitions
What were Okies
Farmers from Great Plains who were displaced by the Dust Bowl
What was Herbert Hoover’s stance on direct aid?
Hoover was against direct aid
When did the Stock Market crash and what was it called?
10/29/29, Black Tuesday
What were the 4 major industries that dropped in productivity? What was the most significant indicator for the economy’s health?
Coal, Railroads, Lumber, Housing
Most significant indicator for the economy’s health: Housing
What was the Revenue Act?
Increased tax rates as a response to the deficit from RFC
What is a deficit?
When you spend more money than you earn
Who was the Democratic nomination against Hoover in the 1932 election?
FDR
What was the Dust Bowl?
A major drought characterized by deadly dust storms in the Great Plains region of the U.S.
What are the 3 main causes of the Great Depression?
Stock Market Crash, Superficial Prosperity of Roaring 20s, Uneven distribution of wealth
What is the Federal Home Loan Bank Act?
Lowered mortgage rate for the American people
Define direct aid
Government giving people money
Who was Charles E. Coughlin?
Radio show host who used his show to blame the Depression on Jewish people
What is the significance of the Midterm Election?
Sees how the Americans feel about the president and his actions
What were the 3 causes of the Dust Bowl?
Droughts, overproduction, removal of prairie grasses
What was the RFC?
Authorized $2 billion in loans to banks who would use those loans for public works
What is Associationalism?
When Hoover wanted all leaders of major industries to come together and discuss the Great Depression
What did General Douglas MacArthur do, and who aided him?
Led troops to clear remaining BEF camps with violent force (Tear gas, fire, bayonets, etc). George Patton aided him.
What was the BEF March?
A protest where WWI veterans demanded their guaranteed bonus early (Patman Bill). After the Senate rejected the bill, many protesters stayed and set up large camps. Hoover responded by sending troops to tear down the camps.
What are the SOCIAL effects of the Great Depression?
Suicide rate increased (30%), people became more kind, people gave up going to colleges/pursuing their dreams, adults stopped going to dentists/doctors
What did the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act do and what was its significance?
Taxes that were increased on imported goods (caused world trade to go down)
Define Rugged Individualism
Hoover believed that citizens should be able to rely on themselves instead of the government
Who was Wright Patman and what would his proposed bill have done?
Wright Pattman was a Democratic congressman from Texas and the Patman Bill would have given WWI veterans their guaranteed bonus early (1945 –> 1932)
What were the 1932 presidential election promises for each party?
Hoover: Balance the budget, keep tariffs high, and repeal Prohibition
FDR: Aid to farmers, Establish public works jobs, New Deal of American people, Repeal prohibition
Aftermath of BEF march suppression
Many injuries and a few deaths after the march
1932 election was underway
Hoover won the nomination for Republican ticket, FDR won the Democratic nomination
What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact and the Hoover-Stimson Doctrine?
International agreement to eliminate offensive war as a national policy, and the U.S. government added that they would not recognize any land gained from territorial expansion