Great Depression
What were the primary causes of the Great Depression?
drastically reduced consumer spending, high consumer debt, overproduction of goods, and failed government policies
When did the Dust Bowl occur and what was "Black Sunday"?
The Dust Bowl lasted throughout the 1930s, overlapping with the Great Depression
What was the New Deal?
The New Deal was a series of domestic programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by FDR to provide relief, recovery, and reform during the Great Depression
Who was the only president to serve more than two terms?
Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to four terms (1932–1944), leading to the 22nd Amendment limiting terms to two
What event sparked the beginning of World War I?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro Hungarian throne, on June 28, 1914, by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo
2. How did the Depression affect the daily lives of Americans?
Widespread unemployment led to extreme poverty, homelessness, and the rise of shantytowns
What were the main causes of the Dust Bowl?
While a severe drought was the primary trigger, the disaster was caused by human activity
How many terms was FDR elected to?
FDR was elected to four terms (1932, 1936, 1940, 1944), serving from March 1933 until his death in April 1945
Who was the first president to live in the White House?
John and Abigail Adams moved into the White House in 1800
Who were the main alliances fighting against each other?
The Allied Powers (the Triple Entente) included France, Britain, and Russia; the Central Powers consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire
3. What was the "Dust Bowl" and how did it worsen the crisis?
The Dust Bowl was a period of severe drought in the Great Plains during the 1930s that turned farmland into a desert
Which areas and states were most affected?
The hardest-hit regions were the Southern Plains, specifically Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico
What was FDR's famous quote from his first inaugural address?
The only thing we have to fear is fear itself," spoken in 1933 to encourage Americans during the depths of the Great Depression
Which president was a peanut farmer before taking office?
Jimmy Carter
What type of warfare defined the Western Front?
Trench warfare, a brutal form of defensive fighting where armies built elaborate lines of trenches, leading to a long, bloody stalemate in "no man's land
What was the New Deal and how did it aim to fix the economy?
The New Deal was a series of programs and legislation introduced by President Franklin D
What was the "Dust Bowl Exodus"?
By 1940, roughly 2.5 million people left the Plains states in one of the largest migrations in American history
What was the "Court-packing" plan?
A 1937 proposal by FDR to add more justices to the Supreme Court, allowing him to appoint judges favorable to his New Deal legislation, which critics argued would disrupt the balance of powers
Who was the tallest president?
Abraham Lincoln, who stood 6 feet, 4 inches tall
When did the United States join the war, and why?
The U.S. declared war on Germany in April 1917, largely due to Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmerman Telegram
How did the Great Depression finally end?
While the New Deal provided relief, the full economic recovery was triggered by the massive industrial production and spending required for World War II, which began for the US in 1941
How did the government help, and how did the Dust Bowl end?
The government, through FDR’s New Deal, implemented conservation programs like planting shelter belts of trees, teaching contour plowing, and paying farmers to use better techniques
What physical ailment did FDR suffer from?
In 1921, at age 39, FDR contracted a paralytic illness, widely believed to be polio, which resulted in the permanent paralysis of his legs
Which president served the shortest amount of time in office?
William Henry Harrison, who died of pneumonia just one month into his term in 1841
Which treaty officially ended the war?
The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, officially ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany