Causes of the Great Depression
What tariff-related action made trade difficult for American businesses?
The U.S. taxed imports, which hurt American businesses and weakened the economy.
What was one major impact of widespread unemployment during the Great Depression?
Businesses closed, resulting in lost jobs and financial hardships for families.
What approach did President Herbert Hoover take during the Great Depression?
He favored a hands-off approach, believing the economy would eventually recover on its own.
What does the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) do?
Insures deposits, increasing confidence in the banking system.
How did the Executive Branch play a role in the New Deal?
President Roosevelt started and carried out the New Deal through executive orders.
What was a consequence of stock market speculation in the late 1920s?
Stock prices decreased and people lost money, contributing to the Great Depression.
How did deportation and repatriation affect people of Mexican heritage?
Families were separated, and individuals faced discrimination and human rights violations.
What was President Franklin D. Roosevelt's main program to address the Great Depression?
He implemented the New Deal to provide relief, recovery, and reform.
What is the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?
Ensures that companies are transparent with investors.
What was the Legislative Branch's contribution to the New Deal?
It passed laws and collaborated with President Roosevelt to implement programs.
How did bank failures contribute to the Great Depression?
Banks lost money from investing in stocks, leading to closures and people losing their savings.
What was a typical daily struggle for families during the Great Depression?
Many families faced food insecurity and were unable to find stable housing.
What was one criticism of Roosevelt's "Court-packing" plan?
Critics argued that it threatened the independence of the judiciary.
What benefits does the Social Security Administration provide?
Provides retirement, disability, and survivor benefits.
What major change occurred in the role of the federal government during the New Deal?
The federal government took on a more active role in economic and social welfare.
What human factor contributed to the Dust Bowl?
Farmers overused the land, which resulted in weak soil due to a lack of nutrients.
How did the Great Depression impact children's education?
Many children had to leave school to work and help support their families.
What role did the Supreme Court play in the New Deal?
The Supreme Court interpreted the constitutionality of various programs and struck down parts of the New Deal.
Which New Deal agency focused on job creation and infrastructure improvement?
The Works Progress Administration (WPA).
How did the New Deal influence state governments?
States received federal funds to implement local relief and recovery programs.
What geographic factors led to the Dust Bowl?
Drought, dry weather, and wind created challenging conditions for farming.
What was one cultural response to the hardships of the Great Depression?
Arts and music flourished as a means of expression and coping with struggles.
How did the New Deal aim to change the relationship between the federal government and the economy?
It sought to increase federal involvement in economic recovery and social welfare.
How did the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) aim to help farmers?
By reducing crop production to raise prices and stabilize the agricultural economy.
What was a long-term effect of the New Deal on government policies?
It established a precedent for federal government involvement in the economy and social issues.