When a species undergoes a gradual change due to successes of traits appropriately adapted to the we call it __________
What is Natural selection
100
The strongest statement in science that is a proposed explanation that has been tested with supporting facts and is still subject to experimentation
What is Theory,
think your cool kid? your not
100
Because these take so long to form, Darwin proposed that the earth was actually millions of years old, instead of thousands. These items are known as .
What is the Fossil Records
100
These parts exists in most animals today. they are believed to be useless left overs from a species previous form
What are vestigial structures
200
this person noticed Finches with different sized beaks changing over time on the ___________ islands
What are Darwin's Observations on the Galapagos Islands
200
The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
What is Fitness
200
We share 97-99 % of the same DNA as this species
what are chimpanzees
200
Structures that have similar structure but perform different functions
What are homologous structures
200
The process in which breeders choose the characteristics of the offspring
what is artificial selection
300
form of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated physically be geographic barriers such as rivers mountains or stretches of water
what is geographic isolation
300
random changes in DNA "alleles" that occur in small populations. this causes a species in one location to look different from species at another location. Examples are changes that occur in squirrels in north vs. same squirrels in the south
What is gene drift
300
groups of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
what is a species
300
structures that form same function but have completely different structures
what are analogous structures
300
the study of early stages of development in an organism
What is embroyology
400
the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another. Migration into or out of a population may be responsible for a marked change in allele frequencies (the proportion of members carrying a particular variant of a gene).
What is gene flow
400
Inherited characteristic that increases an organism's
chance of survival
What is adaptation
400
When a species changes over time into two different species, resulting in a species becoming less like the original one
- Live in different ways than the common ancestor
- Caused by migration or nearby extinction of a nearby environment
- Prime example are the dinosaurs
What divergent evolution
400
When unrelated organisms evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
- Live in the relatively same way as each other
- Emus, rheas, and ostriches are prime examples of convergent evolution
What is convergent Evolution
400
This concept postulates that chloroplasts and mitochondria
are the result of years of evolution initiated by the
endocytosis of bacteria and blue-green algae.
What endosymbiotic theory
500
This was a chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth, and tested the chemical origin of life
What is Miller-Urey experiment
500
The term used to describe the variety of life found on Earth. The diversity of species on Earth is incredible. Environment can be broken down into basic units: biomes, ecosystems and habitats.
biodiversity
500
this term is used to describe cases where two (or more) species reciprocally affect each other’s evolution
What is coevolution
500
Also called diversifying selection, describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values.
and example of this is the peppered moth. the industry caused the black color to be favored over the light color.
What is disruptive selection
500
a type of natural selection that favors the average individuals in a population. This process selects against the extreme phenotypes and instead favors the majority of the population that is well adapted to the environment.