Empires & City-States
This empire, founded by Cyrus the Great, became the largest the world had yet seen.
What is the Persian Empire?
Persian king who launched the first invasion of Greece in 490 BC.
Who is Darius I?
This 490 BC battle was a major Athenian victory over Persia.
What is the Battle of Marathon?
The main Greek battle formation of tightly packed soldiers.
What is the phalanx?
The year the Battle of Marathon took place.
What is 490 BC?
This city-state was known for its powerful navy and development of democracy.
What is Athens?
Athenian general who led the Greeks to victory at Marathon.
Who is Miltiades?
This battle featured 300 Spartans holding off a massive Persian force.
What is the Battle of Thermopylae?
Greek foot soldiers who fought in the phalanx.
Who are Hoplites?
The year Xerxes invaded Greece and fought Thermopylae and Salamis.
What is 480 BC?
This Greek city-state produced elite warriors and led Greece for centuries.
What is Sparta?
King of Persia who led the second invasion of Greece.
Who is Xerxes I?
This naval battle saw the Greeks ambush Persia in a narrow strait.
What is the Battle of Salamis?
Elite Persian soldiers numbering 10,000.
Who are the Immortals?
The year the Greco-Persian Wars ended with Plataea.
What is 479 BC?
This alliance united Greek city-states against Persia.
What is the Panhellenic League?
Spartan king who led the 300 at Thermopylae.
Who is King Leonidas?
Final battle that ended the Greco-Persian Wars.
What is the Battle of Plataea?
Greek warships with three rows of oars.
What are Triremes?
The famous run of this messenger inspired the modern marathon.
Who is Pheidippides?
These conquered people worked the land for Sparta.
Who are the Helots?
Athenian leader who built the navy and tricked Persia at Salamis.
Who is Themistocles?
This earlier conflict involved Greek city-states in Asia Minor rebelling against Persian rule.
What are the Ionian Revolts?
The narrow strait Xerxes crossed using bridges of boats.
What is the Hellespont?
The year Darius died and Xerxes became king.
What is 486 BC?