The Peloponnesian War
What years was the first Peloponnesian War fought?
460BCE-445BCE
What years was the Second Peloponnesian War fought?
431BCE-404BCE
What king brought the Macedonian people together?
King Philip II
Where is Macedonia located in relation to Greece?
Alexander spread Greek culture to what three regions?
Egypt, Persia, and India
What treaty ended the First Peloponnesian War? How long did it last?
Thirty Years' Peace. Lasting 14 years.
How many phases was the Second Peloponnesian War broken into?
3 phases.
1.Archidamian War 2.Sicilian Expedition 3.Ioninan War.
Where was Phillip II educated as a boy, where he learned all about the Greeks?
Thebes
What pivotal battle did Phillip win over the Greeks in 338BCE?
The Battle of Chaeronea
What was this period of time known as?
The Hellenistic Age
Spartan concern over what, led to conflict in 460BCE?
Athenian defensive walls and naval buildup.
What Athenian leader died during the plague?
Pericles
What pivotal battle did 18 year old Alexander play a decisive role in? In this battle he led the companion cavalry on the left flank.
Battle of Chaeronea
What happened to Phillip II after unifying all of Greece, before his invasion of Persia?
Phillip II was assassinated
After Alexander died, his empire fragmented among his generals. What were the 3 largest?
Macedon, Syria (Selucid), and Egypt.
After winning the war, what did Sparta do to Athens?
They installed a dictatorship of Thirty Tyrants. Athenians eventually overthrew them and returned to a democracy.
What resulted from Athenians hiding behind the walls?
A plague broke out.
After his victory, what did Phillip II do to the Greek city-states? Who was not included?
He consolidated them into the League of Corinth. An alliance loyal to Phillip II. Sparta was left out of the alliance.
Alexander became king of Macedon at age 20 in 336BCE. Who was Alexanders tutor as a child?
Aristotle
What city replaced Athens as the most important in the Hellenic world?
Alexandria, Egypt
After the Peloponnesian War, with the help of many other city-states, who eventually overthrew Spartan hegemony?
How did the Athenians deal with Sparta raiding Attica?
The Athenians hid behind the city walls, while the navy attacked the Spartan coastline.
Alexander launched his invasion of the Persian Empire in 334BCE. How many soldiers did he take to conquer the largest empire in the world?
40,000 soldiers.
Alexander adopted a system similar to the Persians. This system allowed many local rulers to maintain some independence over their territory, swearing allegiance to Alexander. What was this system called?
A satrap/satrapy
What was the name of Alexanders favorite horse? He even named a city after this horse.
Bucephalus