Anatomy Basics
The 3 parts of the sternum
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process
Weakness in this muscle causes a winged scapula
Serratus anterior
The part of the extensor digitorum that goes to the 5th digit
Extensor digiti minimi
This muscle allows flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints (2-5)
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Spinal segments that form the brachial plexus.
C5-T1
Rotation occurs in what plane
Horizontal
This muscle originates on the sacrum and illium and inserts on the ribs
Iliocostalis muscle (part of the erector spinae muscles)
This specific muscle originates on the coracoid process of scapula and inserts into the radial tuberosity
Short head of Biceps Brachii
This muscle originates at the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts into hamate, pisiform and the base of the 5th metacarpal
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Anterior branches from what trunks join together to form the lateral chord
Upper and Middle Trunks
When an individual makes a tight fist with their hand, these joints are flexed and extended
Distal IP
Proximal IP
Metacarpalpharangeal join
The 2 muscles that extend, adduct and medially rotate the arm
Latissimus doors and teres major
3 tendons of 3 different muscles form this triangular depression on the radial side of the wrist
Anatomic Snuffbox
Name all structures that pass through the carpal tunnel.
4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Tendon of flexor pollicis longus
Median nerve
Individual experiences weakness in wrist and finger flexion and pronation. Name the nerve that is damaged.
Median Nerve
Name any 5 bones in the axial skeleton
Skull
Vertebra (atlas and axis, any features of them)
Ribs
Sternum (manubrium, body, xiphoid process)
Sacrum (can include any features of sacrum)
Coccyx
Name the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff and their actions
supraspinatus— Abducts arm
Infraspinatus— externally rotated arm
Teres minor— externally rotated arm
Subscapularis—— internally (medially) rotates arm
One digit (excluding the thumb) is theoretically able to extend more "powerfully" than the others. Name the digit and the anatomy responsible for this
2nd digit, Extensor Indicis
Name the two intrinsic muscles of the hand responsible for opposition movements of the thumb and little finger.
Opponens Pollicis, Opponens Digiti Minimi
Name the two main superficial veins of the upper arm. Name the roles of these superficial veins.
Cephalic, Basilic.
Draw blood, temperature regulation.
A student has horrible posture while they are waxing. They develop excessive thoracic curvature in their spine. Name this condition.
Kyphosis
Drew does 200 push ups a day. Name all MAJOR muscles (be specific) being activated during a push up. (Hint: Includes one muscle NOT part of this unit).
Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor
Triceps Brachii
Anterior deltoid
An individual fractures their radial bone, and now have trouble moving their thumb. This anatomical landmark was likely damaged in the fracture
Lister’s Tubercle
The tendon of this muscle is fused to this structure which is used to prevent injury during flexion of the muscles in the hand. Name this muscle and structure.
Palmaris longus, palmar carpal ligament.
Damage to the lower subscapular nerve affects movement of these muscles.
Subscapularis, teres major.