Group 3

pneumothorax

100

what type of pneumothorax in which the intrapleural pressure exceeds the intraalveolar(or atmospheric) pressure is known as?

Tension Pneumothorax

200

A procedure in which the surface of the lung adheres to the chest cavity, thus preventing or reducing recurrent pneumothorax or recurrent pleural effusion

Pleurodesis

300

A pneumothorax may be classified as either: _____&______. 

And a small description of both:

1) closed pneumothorax: not in direct contact w/the atmosphere

2) open pneumothorax: in direst contact w/ the atmosphere such that gas moves freely in and out.

400

A ________ pneumothorax is always a hazard during positive-pressure mechanical ventilation, particularly when high tidal volumes or high system pressures are used.

-Iatrogenic

500

ABG results/classification for a small pneumothorax and large pneumothorax:

SMALL PNEUMOTHORAX; Acute respiratory alkalosis w/ hypoxemia (acute alveolar hyperventilation)

LARGE PNEUMOTHORAX; Acute respiratory acidosis w/ hypoxemia (acute ventilatory failure)

Pleural Effusion

100

• What are the breath sounds associated with pleural effusion?

• Diminished or absent over affected area.

200

• What are the findings on the CXR for pleural effusion?

• Blunting of costophrenic angles, fluid level on the affected side, depressed diaphragm, possible mediastinal shift to unaffected side, atelectasis, and meniscus sign depending on the severity.

300

• How to classify an exudative pleural effusion?

• Pleural fluid protein ) 2.9 g/Dl
• Pleural fluid cholesterol > 45 mg/Dl
• Pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase >60% of upper limit for serum.

400

• What is the most effective way to treat a pleural effusion?

• Directly treat the source of the problem causing the pleural effusion, rather than treating the effusion itself.

500

• How do you classify a moderate to severe pleural effusion?

• Moderate- 500-1500 ml
• Severe- greater than 1500ml

Kyphoscoliosis

100

Kyphoscoliosis is a combination of what two deformities?

Kyphosis & Scoliosis

200

What type of disorder is kyphoscoliosis? (Obstructive, Restrictive, Both)

Restrictive

300

What degree curvature of the spine in scoliosis is it recommended to have surgery?

Greater than 40%-50%

400

What would NOT be recommended to treat kyphoscoliosis and underlying problems associated with it?

1. Deep breathing and coughing techniques

2. Oxygen therapy

3. Pneumatic compression

4. Wearing a brace

3. Pneumatic compression

500

Describe breath sounds normally heard with kyphoscoliosis. (Name at least 3

Bronchial BS, Ronchi, Crackles, Wheezing.

ILD

100

1. Interstitial Lung Disease is also called these EXCEPT

a. diffuses interstitial lung disease

b. fibrotic interstitial lung disease

c. inflammatory lung disease

d. pulmonary fibrosis

b. fibrotic interstitial lung disease

200

TRUE/FALSE. FEV1/FVC is reduced in moderate to severe interstitial lung disease

FALSE - it is normal or increased

300

3. The management of interstitial lung disorders is directed at --------

a. source

b. cause

c. inflammation

d. size

-inflammation

400

4. What medication is commonly administered in the management of interstitial lung disease?

-Corticosteroids

500

5.What physiologic findings cause hypoxemia in ILD

-Alveolar thickening

-Fibrosis

-Capillary shunting

Random

100

____ ____ is the most widely performed surgery for scoliosis. 

Spinal Fusion

200

Scoliosis makes the spine look like which letter shape?

S or C

300

6.What other treatment are used in the management of ILD apart from O2 therapy and mechanical ventilation.

-Plasmapheresis

-Bronchial lavage

400

What are the major causes of transudative pleural effusion?

- Congestive heart failure

- Hepatic Hydrothorax

- Nephrotic syndrome

500

Penetrating wounds to the chest wall or impaling object from MVA or industrial accident are most common for ________ pneumothorax. The pleural space would be ___ direct contact w/ the _____, gas moving in and out of the ____ space. This is a condition known as a ____ ____ wound and is classified as an _____ pneumothorax.

traumatic, in, atmosphere, pleural, sucking chest, open