Chapter 10
what is the definition of language?
any formal system of gestures, signs, sounds, and symbols used or conceived as a means of communicating thought, either through written, enacted, or spoken means
“A ___-written speech delivered
____ is still a ___-written
speech.”
“A poorly-written speech delivered
superbly is still a poorly-written
speech.”
What are presentation aids?
the resources beyond the speech
itself that a speaker uses to
enhance the message conveyed to
the audience
What is the definition of persuasion?
A symbolic process in which communicators try to convince other people to change their attitudes or behavior regarding an issue through the transmission of a message, in an atmosphere of free choice
Name two forms of inductive reasoning
Generalization, Casual Reasoning, or Sign Reasoning
Fill in the blank
Euphemism- language_____often used to make something unpleasant sound more tolerable
devices
True or False
When preparing to deliver your speech, considering the audience's size is unimportant.
False
The size of your audience is essential!
what is the function of presentation aids?
to Improve audience understanding, through Clarifying and Emphasizing
What is the definition of pathos?
Pathos - The use of emotions such as anger, joy, hate, desire for community, and love to persuade the audience of the rightness of a proposition; arguments based on emotion
What type of deductive reasoning is this?
"All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Socrates is mortal."
Syllogism
whats the definition of Jargon?
language used in a specific field that may or may not be understood by others
True or False
While delivering your speech, your feet should be about a shoulder-width apart.
True
What is the definition for Informative speech
Informative speech
a speech based entirely and exclusively on facts and whose main purpose is to inform rather than persuade, amuse, or inspire
What is the definition of Cognitive Dissonance?
A psychological phenomenon where people confronted with conflicting information or viewpoints reach a state of dissonance (generally the disagreement between conflicting thoughts and/or actions), which can be very uncomfortable, and results in actions to get rid of the dissonance and maintain consonance
When can an "appeal to pity" be inappropriate in a persuasive speech?
Using emotional appeal to cover up facts and evidence.
Fill in the blank
Slang- a type of language that consists of words and phrases that are specific to a_______ or _____that others may not understand
Subculture & Group
List two things you should NOT do with the lectern
Leaning, Tipping, Hugging, and Gripping for emotional support all work as answers.
show only when __ in speech.
Show only when discussed in speech.
What word fits this definition?
An imagined conversation the speaker has with a given audience in which the speaker tries to anticipate what questions, concerns, or issues the audience may have to the subject under discussion
Mental Dialogue
Politicians are known to frequently use what form of logical fallacy?
Straw Man
What is the definition of assonance?
the repetition of vowel sounds in a sentence or passage
What is the exact percent of the time you should be maintaining eye contact while delivering your speech
80%
fill in the blank
A personal view, ____ or ___ about something
Fill in the blank
A personal view, attitude or belief about something
Fill in the blanks
Two Tailed Arguments - A (blank) technique in which a speaker brings up a (blank) to their own topic and then directly refutes the claim.
A (persuasive) technique in which a speaker brings up a (counterargument) to their own topic and then directly refutes the claim
What type of logical fallacy is this?
"I washed my car, then it began to rain; therefore, washing my car caused it to rain"
Post hoc ergo propter hoc