social
What were the main social classes in medieval Europe?
The nobility
What is the name of the city that was the capital of the Byzantine Empire ?
Constantinople
what was the Hundred year war?
Intermittent struggle between England and France
what is one important invention from the Middle Ages that improved farming?
The heavy plow, horseshoes, and harness
How did the Catholic church influence daily life in the middle ages?
providing spiritual guidance controlling sacraments, and shaping social structures education, art and laws
What was the Black death
It was a bubonic plague
where was the Byzantine Empire located?
southeastern and southern Europe and western Asia
What was the role of Nobles and knights in medieval society?
nobles held land and power, managing territories and providing military leadership, while knights served as the warrior class, providing military service and upholding the code of chivalry
what were some of the common materials used in medieval technology?
iron,wood,stone, leather, and other things
what role did the church play in education, charity, and other social services?
establishing schools, hospitals , and orphanages, often being the primary source of these services for the poor and marginalized
What were the roles of women and men in the medieval society?
Men were leaders,warriors
women were wives, mothers
Where was the Holy Roman Empire located?
central and Western Europe
How did it work and what were the key relationships between lords, vassals and serfs?
lords granted land (fiefs) to vassals exchange for military service, while serfs, bound to the land, provided labor and a share of their produce to the Lord in return for protection
what was the impact of the printing press on the spread of knowledge?
enabling mass production of books, making them more accessible
what was the relationship between the pope and the other religious figures like bishops and priests?
bishops and priests, who are bishops, are responsible for their respective dioceses and assist the pope
what was the feudal system like and how did it impact daily life?
A rigid social order and limited mobility
What is significance of the Black Sea for medieval Europe?
A vital route, providing access to resources like grain, wax and slaves
How did the political landscape of Europe change during the Middle Ages?
shifted from a decentralized feudal system to a more centralized
What is a type of time-telling device that was invented in the Middle Ages?
Mechanical clocks
what were some of the major religious events or movements that accursed during the Middle ages?
The crusades, the East-West schism, the rise of monastic orders
What was a common form of entertainment in the medieval times?
Music, dancing, storytelling, games,festivals
What are the major bodies of water that surrounded medieval Europe?
The Atlantic Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Baltic sea, and the North Sea
What were the Byzantine Empire and how did differ from the kingdoms of Western Europe?
The continuation of the Roam empire in the East, centered in Constantinople, and differed from the Western European kingdom in language, culture, religion, and governance
what role did the water mills and the windmills play in the medieval society?
crucial for grinding gain into flour, and also powered other tasks like sawing wood and pumping water
what were some of the different religious groups or sects that existed during the Middle ages?
Cathars and Bogomils