Definitions and concepts for groups
These are groups people choose to join
What are voluntary groups
This theory/effect explains how the presence of others improves performance.
What is social facilitation theory/effect
This occurs when individuals exert less effort in a group than when alone.
what is social loafing
phenoment when people in groups may shift toward more extreme positions due to shared perspectives, desire for approval, and lack of dissent.
what is group polarization
This fundamental human need explains why people seek deep connections through groups.
What is the need to belong?
Performance improves on easy tasks but worsens on difficult ones due to this factor.
what is arousal?
I'm feeling lazy or bored, so this type of task is best performed in the presence of others.
What are simple or well-learned tasks?
Groups to spend more time discussing information that the members know and less time sharing information that only a few members know.
what is common knowledge effect
This concept refers to being tied to others through shared outcomes or experiences.
What is common or shared fate
When the task is ___ performance is impaired by others watching
what is complex
I am on a group project so there is no ____ so I don't need to work that hard
What is accountability
Failure to critically evaluate information with others
What is groupthink?
The feelings of self worth or pride from your group memberships
what is collective self esteerm
when you are a _____ then you have an easier time performing in front of others
The specific term for the fear of what people watching me performing think about me
what is evaluation apprehension
This strategy involves assigning someone to challenge the group’s ideas.
What are devil's advocates
This theory proposes that groups provide a sense of identity and self-esteem.
What is social identity theory?
This hypothesis explains performance changes as a conflict between attending to others and the task.
What is the distraction-conflict hypothesis?
I am good at this and having people watch me perform feels good!
What is opportunity to shine
These individuals protect the group from conflicting information.
what are mindguards