Growth & Development
The level of cognitive function is different than the child's chronological age (years or months since birth).
What is Developmental "Mental" age?
•Talk in friendly voice
•Engage them in play
•Least invasive to most invasive
•Simple explanations; firm direct approach
What is the Nursing approach to care for a XXXX .
What is the nursing approach to care for a TODDLER.
A mother is breastfeeding and touches her child's cheek or corner of the mouth with her finger; the infant turns his head toward the stimulus and opens his mouth.
What is the sucking or rooting reflex?
Identification and treatment of infants who are affected by certain heritable disorders and genetic disease.
What is Newborn Screening
Immunization given at birth and/or at the first Provider/Pediatrician visit.
What is the Hepatitis B vaccine
Put the baby on his/her back to sleep; keep pillows, quilts, bumper pads, stuffed toys, and positional devices out of the crib.
What is anticipatory guidance for the family of an infant to prevent SIDS.
Let client become familiar with you; Keep parent in line of vision; Do not gesture quickly; Reinforce smiling; Expose to different sounds; Simple games; Transitional objects if separation a must.
What is the Nursing approach to care for a XXXX.
What is the Nursing approach to care for an INFANT.
The nurse elicits this reflex by placing the infant supine on a flat surface and performs a sharp hand clap.
What is the Moro reflex?
Diagnostic test performed on the newborn after 24 hours of age to detect Critical Congenital Heart Defects.
What is Pulse Oximetry Screening to detect Critical Congenital Heart Defects.
Low levels of oxygen in a newborn and may be identified using pulse oximetry screening at least 24 hours after birth. (Pre-ductal- right hand and post-ductal- either foot). 3% difference between them, or oxygen saturation <90% immediate evaluation.
Cannot be given prior to 6 months of age. The first time it is administered to a child up to the age of 9 years they will require two injections 4 weeks apart.
What is the Influenza (Flu) vaccine.
Development progresses from head to toe.
What is Cephalocaudal Development?
◦Encourage active participation/allow the child to handle and play with equipment
◦Provide choices and opportunities to help when possible
◦Provide simple explanations, use concrete terms; be careful with your choice of words
◦Demonstrate procedures on a doll to decrease anxiety
What is the Nursing approach to care for a XXXXX.
What is the Nursing approach to care for a PRESCHOOLER.
On the sole of the foot, beginning at the heel, stroke upward along the lateral aspect of the sole, then move your finger across the ball of the foot; the toes hyperextend and fan out.
What is the Babinski (plantar) reflex?
The discharging hospital should perform this test in both ears prior to the newborn being discharged home. It may not be performed more than twice. The results are then reported to the Virginia Department of Health (VDH).
What is the mandatory Newborn Hearing Screen.
Auditory brainstem response (ABR) – reflects the activity of the cochlea, auditory nerve, and auditory brainstem pathways. For use in NICU and/or well baby nursery.
Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) – reflects cochlear outer hair cell function. For use in well baby nursery.
The preferred IM injection site for newborns (age <1 month) and infants (age 1-12 months)
What is the Vastus Lateralis muscle in the anterolateral middle portion of the thigh
An infant is brought to the Primary Care Provider (PCP) for a well-visit. The PCP notes the Posterior fontanel is closed and the child's weight has doubled since birth. How old is this child? a. 4 months b. 6 months c. 8 months d. 12 months
What is a 6-month-old well-visit?
◦Provide privacy and respect for modesty
◦Assure confidentiality
◦Answer questions honestly with appropriate information
◦Promote autonomy and responsibility, allow choices
What is the Nursing approach to care for a XXXX.
What is the Nursing approach to care for an ADOLESCENT.
Holding the infant vertically under arms or on the trunk, allowing one foot to touch the table surface; this technique will illicit which reflex?
What is the Stepping or "walking" reflex?
•Does the child live in or regularly visit a house built before 1978? •Is there evidence of PICA? PICA is the persistent eating of substances with no nutrition, such as dirt or paint.
What are questions on the Lead Screening Questionnaire.
Previous anaphylactic reaction to the vaccine or a component of a vaccine, individuals with a severely deficient immune system, individuals with a severe sensitivity to gelatin, or pregnant women
What are contraindications for administering a Live vaccine
Which one of the following approaches would be best to use to ensure a receptive response from a toddler? A. Assume an eye-level position and talk quietly. B. Call the toddler's name while picking him or her up. C. Call the toddler's name and say, "I am your nurse." D. Stand by the toddler, addressing him or her by name.
What is assume eye level position and talk quietly.
◦Provide opportunities for the child to be involved in care
◦Explain procedures using correct scientific and medical terminology, equipment and care (simple diagrams/photographs)
◦Identify and correct misconceptions
What is the Nursing approach to care for a SCHOOL-AGE client.
The infant's fingers curl around the nurse's finger when a finger is placed in the palm of the hand.
What is the Palmar Grasp reflex?
May be applied to the skin and used a topical anesthetic prior to drawing lab work or starting an IV.
What is lidocaine 4% cream (LMX4 or EMLA) cream.
Is a very contagious disease known for its itchy, blister-like rash and a fever. It typically is a mild disease for many, but can be serious, even life-threatening, especially in babies, teenagers, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems.
What is Chickenpox (Varicella).
Two vaccines available in the United States. Both vaccines contain live, attenuated varicella-zoster virus.
Varivax®
ProQuad®