Function
The vegan diet is one that is chosen by individuals for various reasons, including health and/or ethical reasons. While many health benefits exist, it is essential for those who are vegan or are planning to become vegan to be educated about potential nutrient deficiencies to prevent adverse outcomes. In addition, it is evident that the - vegan diet is much more than a diet itself- , but has developed into a lifestyle, often associated with animal rights and environmental advocacy as well as a greater concern for physical activity and mindfulness. Further research begs the question of whether the health benefits associated with the diet are solely attributable to the diet or in conjunction with a greater physical activity level and mindful living.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the overall structure of the text?
A) It shows that people who are concerned about protecting animals should consider veganism.
B) It points out that adopting veganism is a good way for people to help the environment.
C) It indicates that many vegans consider factors other than food to be part of being a vegan.
D) It establishes that people who are vegans have healthier lifestyles than non-vegans do.
C) It indicates that many vegans consider factors other than food to be part of being a vegan.
William Wordsworth was one of the founders of English Romanticism and one its most central figures and important intellects. He is remembered as a poet of spiritual and epistemological speculation, a poet concerned with the human relationship to nature and a fierce advocate of using the vocabulary and speech patterns of common people in poetry.
What is the main purpose of the text?
A) It describes the work of William Wordsworth.
B) It details the legacy of William Wordsworth.
C) It talks about the life of William Wordsworth.
D) It shows how important William Wordsworth was to English poetry
B) It details the legacy of William Wordsworth.
Dzoodzo Baniwa, a member of an Indigenous community in Brazils Amazonas state, has been collecting data on the region's biodiversity for around 15 years. He lives in a remote village called Canadá on the Ayari River, a tributary of the Içana, which in turn, feeds the Rio Negro, one of the main branches of the Amazon. - The nearest city, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, is a three–day trip by motorboat.-
What is the purpose of the underlined portion in the overall structure of the text?
A) It emphasizes how remote the village of Canadá is.
B) It shows the vastness of the Amazonas state.
C) It highlights Dzoodzo Baniwa's life.
D) It describes the river network of the Amazon.
A) It emphasizes how remote the village of Canadá is.
The following text is adapted from Horatio Alger, Jr.s 1865 novel, Paul Prescott's Charge. Squire Benjamin Newcome, as he was called, in the right of his position as Justice of the Peace, Chairman of the Selectmen, and wealthiest resident of Wrenville, was a man of rule and measure. He was measured in his walk, measured in his utterance, and measured in all his transactions. He might be called a dignified machine. He had a very exalted conception of his own position, and the respect which he felt to be his due, not only from his own household, but from all who approached him. If the President of the United States had called upon him, Squire Newcome would very probably have felt that he himself was the party who conferred distinction, and not received it.
What is the function of the last sentence in the overall structure of the text?
A) It emphasizes how importantaperson Squire Newcome was.
B) It highlights the self-esteem with which Squire Newcome held himself.
C) It remarks on an event that Squire Newcome was involved in.
D) It shows that most people did not care for Squire Newcome.
B) It highlights the self-esteem with which Squire Newcome held himself.
The brightly-colored board game known as Parcheesi was introduced into the United States in the late 1860s, but the game actually predates that debut. In 1860, the British brought it from India, where it was known as pachisi. But that game, too, has older origins: it was derived from a game called chaupar that is referred to in texts as early as 540 to 300 B.С.
What is the overall purpose of the text?
A) To offer a counterargument to a claim
B) To give a brief historical outline
C) To explain the rules of a game
D) To point out a factual error
B) To give a brief historical outline
The following text is adapted from Mother Jones's speech to coal miners picketing in Charlestown, West Virginia, on August 15, 1912. They wouldn't keep their dog where they keep you fellows. You know that. They have a good place for their dogs and a slave to take care of them. The mine owners' wives will take the dogs up, and say, "Ilove you, dea-h." My friends, the day for petting dogs is gone; the day for raising children to a nobler manhood and better womanhood is here! You have suffered; I know you have suffered. I was with you nearly three years in this State. I went to jail. I went to the Federal courts, but I never took any back water!
In the text, what is the main purpose of the discussion of the mine owners' pet dogs?
A) To offer one point of consolation for the mine workers
B) To point out one of the adversaries faced by the miners
C) To illustrate that some mine owners can be compassionate
D) To emphasize the sordid conditions of the mine workers
D) To emphasize the sordid conditions of the mine workers
Hibiscandelphis wilderianus was a relative of the hibiscus, a popular flower found in tropical regions. H. wilderianus had a limited range, as it was only known to grow on the lava fields on Mount Haleakala on Maui Island in Hawaii. It probably went extinct between 1910 and 1913, - when ranchers slashed the forest to make room to raise cattle- . In 2019, the scent was recreated using DNA from a preserved specimen.
What is the function of the underlined portion in the overall structure of the text?
A) It clarifies a potential misunderstanding.
B) It gives the logic for the following claim.
C) It provides a reason for a hypothesis.
D) It offers justification for an action.
C) It provides a reason for a hypothesis.
The following text is adapted from Mother Jones's 1912 speech to coal miners picketing in Charlestown, West Virginia. To me, the proper thing to do is to read the purpose of our meeting here today. The guards of the mining companies beat, abuse, maim, and hold up citizens without process of law; deny freedom of speech,a provision guaranteed by the Constitution. We hold that the companies in maintaining such guards are detrimental to the best interests of society and an outrage against the honor and dignity of the State. I hope, my friends, that you and the mine owners will put aside the breach and get together before I leave the State. But I want to say, make no settlement until they sign up that every bloody murderer of a guard has got to go. This is done, my friends, beneath the flag our fathers fought and bled for, and we don't intend to surrender our liberty.
What is the main purpose of the text?
A) To describe the working conditions suffered by miners
B) To encourage miners to avoid making compromises
C) To convince the government to change conditions of miners
D) To initiate negotiations with the guards at the mines
B) To encourage miners to avoid making compromises
The following text is adapted from F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1922 novel, The Beautiful and the Damned. Early in his career Adam Patch had married an anemic lady of thirty, Alicia Withers, who brought him one hundred thousand dollars and an impeccable entré into the banking circles of New York. Immediately and rather spunkily she had borne him a son and, as if completely devitalized by the magnificence of this performance, she had thenceforth effaced herself within the shadowy dimensions of the nursery. The boy, Adam Ulysses Patch, became an inveterate joiner of clubs, connoisseur of good form, and driver of tandems-at the - astonishing - age of twenty-six he began his memoirs under the title "New York Society as I Have Seen It." On the rumor of its conception this work was eagerly bid for among publishers, but as it proved after his death to be immoderately verbose and overpoweringly dull, it never obtained even a private printing.
What is the main function of the word "astonishing" in the overall structure of the text?
A) It indicates irony.
B) It expresses admiration.
C) It highlights respect.
D) It emphasizes talent.
A) It indicates irony.
Earth has over 200,000 glaciers, but global warming has been greatly accelerating the melting process so that they are now shrinking at unprecedented rates. One study hypothesizes that manmade contributions to global warming are accountable for the loss of one hundred percent of the glacial ice since 1850. Actually, - the number may be over one hundred percent-, as without those pressures placed on them, many glaciers might have added ice and increased in size during that time period.
What is the function of the underlined portion in the overall structure of the text?
A) It points out a discrepancy in calculations.
B) It emphasizes the extent of a problem.
C) It gives an alternative explanation.
D) It offers the reason for an observation.
B) It emphasizes the extent of a problem.
The following text is adapted from Emily Bronte's 1847 novel, Wuthering Heights. Wuthering Heights is the name of Mr. Heathcliff's dwelling. “Wuthering" being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed in stormy weather. Pure, bracing ventilation they must have up there at all times, indeed: one may guess the power of the north wind, blowing over the edge, by the excessive slant ofa few stunted firs at the end ofthe house; and by a range of gaunt thorns all stretching their limbs one way, as if craving alms of the sun. Happily, the architect had foresight to build it strong: the narrow windows are deeply set in the wall, and the corners defended with large jutting stones.
What is the main purpose of the text?
A) To describe the local weather
B) To hint at the personality of a character
C) To give an impression of a building
D) To clarify a definition
C) To give an impression of a building
The following text is adapted from Chapter of Moby Dick; or The Whale, copyright 1851 by Herman Melville. I always go to sea as a sailor, because of the wholesome exercise and pure air of the fore-castle deck. For as in this world, head winds are far more prevalent than winds from astern, so for the most part the Commodore on the quarter-deck gets his atmosphere at second hand from the sailors on the forecastle. He thinks he breathes it first; but not so. But wherefore it was that after having repeatedly smelt the sea as a merchant sailor, I should now take it into my head to go on a whaling voyage; this the invisible police officer of the Fates, who has the constant surveillance of me, and secretly dogs me, and influences me in some unaccountable way-he can better answer than any one else. It came in as a sort of brief interlude and solo between more extensive performances.
What is the main function of the final sentence in the context of the text?
A) It indicates that whaling was not the narrator's usual occupation.
B) It foreshadows a tragedy that the narrator does not want to repeat.
C) It offers the narrator's rationale for embarking on a whaling voyage.
D) It explains that the narrator could not find longer employment at the time.
A) It indicates that whaling was not the narrator's usual occupation.
The following text is adapted from a speech given in 326 BC by Alexander the Great to his exhausted and dispirited soldiers on the banks of the Hydaspes River. I could not have blamed you for being the first to lose heart if I, your commander, had not shared in your exhausting marches and your perilous campaigns; it would have been natural enough if you had done all the work merely for others to reap the reward. But it is not so. - You and I, gentlemen, have shared the labour and shared the danger, and the rewards are for us all.- The conquered territory belongs to you; already the greater part of its treasure passes into your hands, and when all Asia is overrun, the utmost hopes of riches or power which each one of you cherishes will be far surpassed, and whoever wishes to return home will be allowed to go, either with me or without me.
What is the main purpose of the underlined sentence in the text?
A) To explain that he would share the rewards with his soldiers
B) To motivate his soldiers to fight harder because the rewards would be shared
C) To emphasize that the wars being fought were a shared effort
D) To tempt his soldiers with the spoils of war
B) To motivate his soldiers to fight harder because the rewards would be shared
The vegan diet has gained momentum in recent years, with more people transitioning to the diet, whether for health or more ethically-based reasons. The vegan diet, often characterized as very restrictive, is associated with health benefits but raises concerns. Controversy regarding the diet exists within the public sphere, with some actively supporting and advocating for it, and others questioning its purpose and proposed benefits, even disparaging its existence. A study led by Sarah Mann aimed to provide a fuller picture of the vegan diet in which no animal products are eaten, encompassing both the nutrition and health of the vegan diet. The study also delved into related ethical beliefs by studying scientific and popular literature in tandem. Furthermore, the study aimed to provide an insider's perspective of the vegan diet as a means of combating stereotypes and making the diet more relatable to those who are not vegan.
What is the main purpose of the text?
A) It presents rationale for adopting an increasingly popular diet.
B) It challenges a popular stereotype regarding a certain diet.
C) It discredits the supposed benefits of a popular diet.
D) It introduces a study that analyzes different facets of a diet.
D) It introduces a study that analyzes different facets of a diet.
The following text is adapted from Mother Jones's 1912 speech in Charlestown, West Virginia, on August 15, 1912. The proper thing to do is to read the purpose of our meeting here today - why these men have laid down their tools and come to the statehouse. The guards of the mining companies beat, abuse, maim, and hold up citizens without process of law; deny freedom of speech; deny the citizens the right to assemble in a peaceable manner for the purpose of discussing questions in which they are concerned. I hope, my friends, that you and the mine owners will put aside the breach and get together before I leave the State. But I want to say, make no settlement until they sign up that every bloody murderer of a guard has got to go.
What is the main function of the phrase "bloody murderer"?
A) It describes the tactics used by certain guards.
B) It offers the reason that guards must be removed.
C) It suggests that guards overreached the orders of the mine owners.
D) It emphasizes the inhumanity exhibited by the guards.
D) It emphasizes the inhumanity exhibited by the guards.