Environmental Science
What is the primary greenhouse gas released by burning fossil fuels
What process allows tomato plants to produce their own food
What is the pH of a neutral solution at room temperature (25°C)
7
Which organ pumps blood around the human body
Heart
What does STEM stand for
Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics
State 2 renewable sources of energy
Any 2: solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass
Name 2 conditions that tomato plants need to grow well
Any 2: sunlight, water, nutrient-rich soil, oxygen, carbon dioxide, suitable temperature
State the Law of Conservation of Mass
Mass cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction
What is the main function of red blood cells
To transport oxygen
Why is it important to include a control group in an experiment
To provide a baseline for comparison
Explain one reason why deforestation contributes to climate change
Trees absorb carbon dioxide; hence removing increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Explain why crop rotation helps reduce diseases in tomato farms
It breaks the life cycle of pests and soil-borne pathogens
Why does increasing temperature generally increase the rate of a chemical reaction
Particles move faster and hence there is a greater frequency of effective collisions with enough energy to react
Explain how vaccines help to prevent the spread of infectious diseases
They stimulate the immune system to develop protection before infection occurs
Why should only 1 independent variable be changed during a fair experiment
Describe how eutrophication affects lakes and rivers
Excess nutrients cause algae blooms. When the algae die, decomposers break them down, using up dissolved oxygen and causing aquatic organisms to die
What pigment gives ripe tomatoes their red colour
Lycopene
Explain why nanoparticles often have different properties from larger particles of the same material
They have a larger surface area to volume ratio, which can change their physical and chemical properties e.g. changing reactivity
Compare mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis produces identical body cells while meiosis produces genetically different reproductive cells
Describe 1 advantage of using sensors in modern agriculture
Sensors monitor soil moisture or environmental conditions, improving efficiency and reducing resource waste
Compare climate change mitigation and adaptation, an give one example of each
Mitigation reduces greenhouse gas emissions e.g. using renewable energy
Adaptation reduces the impacts of climate change e.g. building flood barriers
Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse
Advantage: better control of growing conditions, higher yield
Disadvantage: higher construction and operating costs, higher energy use, pests can spread more quickly if introduced, requires more maintenance
Iron oxide nanoparticles are used to remove pollutants from water. Explain why they are effective
Their high surface area allows them to absorb pollutants efficiently
Why does the misuse of antibiotics contribute to antibiotic resistance
Resistance bacteria survive treatment and reproduce, making infections harder to treat
Your school wants to become more environmentally friendly. Propose 1 STEM-based solution and explain how it would reduce environmental impact
Any acceptable answer: installing solar panels, implementing rainwater harvesting, composting food waste, smart energy monitoring, AI-based waste sorting
(bonus points if mechanism behind chosen solution reducing pollution or conserving resources is explained)