20.1
Process where pollen grains released from the anther land on the stigmata of flowers of the same species
What is pollination?
Parts of the plant that support leaves and flowers
What is a stem?
tissues that generate new dermal, vascular, and ground tissue
What are meristems?
Secondary Growth
mass of cells forming the ground tissue of a plant's roots; also found in the ground tissue of stems
cortex
The four different rings of leaves that make up flowers (in order)
sepal, petal, stamen, carpel
What types of root systems do monocots and dicots have?
monocots have fibrous roots systems and dicots have taproots
thimble-like cone of cells at the tip of a plant root that protects the actively dividing cells of the apical meristem
What is the root cap?
secondary xylem that accumulates during the annual growing season of a plant
How does seed dispersal occur?
burrs, fruit, or wind/water
How does an embryo sac form?
An diploid cell undergoes meiosis after which 3/4 of the cells die. The remaining cell undergoes three rounds of mitosis and the result is seven cells.
What are the three main tissue types? What does each do?
dermal- outer, protective layer of cells
vascular - transport food and water/minerals
ground - functions in photosynthesis, storage, and support
How new cells become longer?
The process of elongation by taking up water
What do trees rings tell us about plants?
Their age and conditions during the growing seasons
What are the three groupings for plants according to the life expectancy?
Annual - life cycle in one growing season
Biennial - life cycle in two years
Perennial - live for more than 2 years
What are two adaptations angiosperms have to protect the new plant tissue as it grows through the soil?
Some dicots have a hooked shoot tip and some monocots have a sheath
Come label the plant's root and shoot system
Good luck
What two roles does the roots apical meristem play?
1. replace cells of root cap scraped away
2. produce cells for primary growth
What two meristematic tissues are involved in secondary growth?
1. vascular cambium
2. Cork cambium
What is the function of the leaf vein?
Carry water and nutrients
Explain angiosperm reproduction.
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What are the three different types of cells in plants and what is the function of each?
parenchyma - thin, food storage, photosynthesis, cellular respiration
collenchyma - provide support to parts of the plants that are still growing
Sclerenchyma - lignin rich cells that result in protective skeleton, also xylem
How do axillary buds form?
As the apical meristem advances upward, some of its cells are left behind. These form the buds
What makes up the bark of trees?
everything outside the vascular cambium: the phloem, cork cambium, and cork
How does pollination occur in angiosperms?
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