Defining a Species
A species is defined as a group of individuals who can reproduce and produce fertile offspring
What is biological species concept?
Species breed at different times of the year.
What is temporal isolation?
Nonrandom, differential survival and reproduction of organisms with different traits.
What is natural selection?
The only nonrandom mechanism of evolution.
What is natural selection?
Speciation that occurs due to geographic separation between populations.
What is allopatric speciation?
A species is defined as organisms that share the same ecological niche.
What is ecological species concept?
The reproductive structures of species are physically incompatible.
What is mechanical isolation?
A change in the allele frequency of a population over time.
What is evolution?
A change in the allele frequency of a population due to chance.
What is genetic drift?
Speciation that occurs without geographic separation.
What is sympatric speciation?
A species is defined as the smallest group of organisms that share a common ancestor.
What is phylogenetic species concept?
Two species cannot breed because they have a different number of chromosomes.
What is gametic isolation?
An inherited trait that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce.
What is an adaptation?
A mechanism of genetic drift in which a substantial subset of a population dies at random, changing the allele frequency of the population.
What is bottleneck effect?
Mechanism of sympatric speciation (and natural selection) in which organisms select mates based on specific traits.
What is sexual selection?
When two populations can no longer breed, they have become this two word phrase.
What is reproductively isolated?
Two species live in separate parts of the world.
What is geographic isolation?
The movement of alleles between populations.
What is gene flow?
A pattern of natural selection in which the two extreme phenotypes are selected for while the intermediate phenotype is selected against.
What is disruptive selection?
Most common mechanism of speciation in plants.
What is polyploidy?
Only species definition we can use for animals that went extinct millions of years ago.
What is morphological species?
Two species of birds have different dances to attract mates.
What is behavioral isolation?
An organism's ability to survive and reproduce relative to other individual in its population.
What is relative fitness?
Mechanism of genetic drift in which a small subset of a population colonizes a new land and has no gene flow to the ancestral population.
What is founder effect?
Mechanism of sympatric speciation in animals in which animals live in the same area but occupy separate habitats.
What is habitat differentiation?