Surveys
What are three advantages of survey research?
Versatility, efficiency, and generalizability
What is the MODE of the following distribution: 37, 24, 28, 32, 37, 25, 22, 28, 30, 37, 22, 21
MODE - Most frequently occurring value: What is 37?
The entire list of elements in a given population that you want to study (i.e. an exhaustive list of Chico State students).
What is a sampling frame?
These are the three criteria needed to demonstrate causality.
What are empirical association/correlation, time order, and NONspuriousness
There are three levels of measurement. Name two of them.
What are nominal, ordinal, and interval/ratio?
The type of survey method that has the highest response rate, can include longer/complex questions, and that allows for clarification of questions as needed.
What is an in-person survey?
The best graphical display for nominal variables.
What is a bar chart or pie chart?
For the G.R.E.A.T. study, the researchers sampled 6 states, then sampled cities in those states, then sampled middle schools in those cities, and then collected data from students randomly sampled from those schools. This kind of sampling is known as…
What is cluster sampling?
In an experiment, this group receives no treatment or experimental manipulation of an independent variable.
What is the control group?
This level of measurement is qualitative and can only be summarized in frequencies. It uses names of categories that have NO order.
What is nominal?
When no identifying information is EVER collected to link a respondent to his/her answers.
What is anonymity?
The best graphical display for TWO nominal variables.
What is a stacked bar chart?
The sampling method you would use if you wanted to survey soldiers in an army to determine their morale, keeping in mind that you want to gain knowledge from the perspectives of soldiers of every rank.
What is purposive sampling?
There is an inverse association/correlation between IQ and cigarettes smoked. However, once we consider education, IQ no longer matters. Level of education is a confounding variable that reveals the relationship between IQ and smoking to be...
What is spurious?
This level of measurement specifies the order of categories such as military rank or level of agreement with a given statement.
What is ordinal?
The survey method that is inexpensive and can be implemented quickly. In doing this, though, you sacrifice a fully inclusive (representative) sample.
What is a web-based/online survey?
This measure of central tendency is found by taking the sum of all cases and then dividing by the number of cases.
What is the mean?
Haerle’s friend wanted to understand the Congolese gangs of Brussels. In her sampling method, she first built a rapport with one gang member, who introduced her to another, and then that member introduced her to others. This kind of sampling is known as…
What is snowball sampling?
In an experimental design, a TRUE experiment always includes which two groups?
What is a treatment/experimental group and a control group?
Categories of self-identified religions, types of apples, and dog breeds all provide values that would be considered this level of measurement (only displayed in bar charts or pie charts).
What is nominal?
We discussed seven keys to good survey questions? Name three of them.
CABS RUD: Concise and focused questions Avoids confusing phrasing minimizes Bias Skips irrelevant questions Response options Uncertainty allowed Design is strong (questionnaire vs. interview schedule, mail/phone/web/in-person).
We discussed two ways that you can distort the distribution of a graph. Name one of them.
1) Starting the percentage scale on either x or y axis at something other than zero, and 2) Omitting a portion of the data.
If the people living in the U.S. are randomly selected to complete the General Social Survey and they actually reflect the larger U.S. population, then this study has achieved _________________.
What is generalizability?
In Sherman & Berk (1984), researchers used a color-coded report pad for police to determine whether to arrest, separate, or advise/mediate each domestic violence case. This process was meant to ensure a nonspurious relationship between police intervention and repeat incidents of criminal behavior. This process of using the color-coded report pad is called...
What is random assignment?
This level of measurement uses fixed measurement units so that the distance between each “thing” is always the same (i.e. dollars, students, apples, etc.).
What is interval/ratio?