Thermal Energy
Clouds
Water Cycle
Density
Hailstones
100

Where does most of the energy from the sun go when it enters the atmosphere?

It gets absorbed by the surface (ground and ocean). 

100

What are clouds mostly made of?

Water droplets or ice crystals 

100
What is evaporation?

Energy from the sun causes liquid to change into a gas (water droplets turn into water vapor)

100
How does air become more dense?

It cools down and the particles move closer together. 

100

How do water droplets become supercooled?

Water droplets get pushed into the the coldest parts of atmopshere. 

200

Name the 3 types of thermal energy transfer. 

Solar radiation, conduction, and convection currents

200

What does relative humidity have to be at for clouds to form?

100%

200

What is precipiation?

Any form of water droplets falling from a cloud (frozen or not frozen). 

200

Why did the soap bubble expand in the experiment?

Because the air molecules started to rise and pushed against the soap bubble. 

200

How do hailstones grow in size?

They continue to collide with other supercooled water droplets and freeze. 

300

What is conduction?

Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact, when particles collide with one another. 

300

What is the name of the process of putting more CCNs into the sky to help create more clouds?

Cloud Seeding 

300

How much water on Earth is freshwater?

2.5%

300

How can density changes create wind?

Changes in density causes a convection current of cool air falling and warm air rising, resulting in surface winds. 

300

What affects the strength of an updraft?

The temperature difference between the warm surface and the cold atmopshere. 

400

What causes the movement of particles in a convection current?

Changes in density causes cool particles to sink and warm particles to rise. 

400

What is the name of a hailstorm cloud?

Cumulonimbus

400

How can we drink dinosaur pee?

Because Earth's fresh water cycle is constant and continuous

400

Why does air become less dense as it gains kinetic energy?

The molecules move faster and spread apart, resulting in less mass (air particles) in a given space (volume of air)
400
Why do some hailstones have whitish appearance?

The supercooled water droplets freeze instantly, trapping air molecules

500

What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?

Thermal energy is the total amount of kinetic energy in a substance, and temperature is the average amount of kinetic energy in a substance. 

500

What does cool, humid air need in order to start the process of condensation?

A solid surface to stick to. 
500

What are the two main factors that drive the water cycle?

Energy from the sun and gravity. 
500

What is the relationship between mass, volumes, and density?

Density is the amount of mass in a given volume. Density = mass / volume for

500

Explain the two explanations of how hailstones travel in a cloud.

1st- hailstones grow bigger moving within a cycle 

2nd- hailstones continually rise upwards 

M
e
n
u