Haiti's Historical Figures
Formerly enslaved; this person would become the main leader of the Haitian movement.
Who is Toussaint Louverture?
Whites without wealth and status who were new to the French colony
Who are the petit blancs?
Society in which slavery is central to almost every aspect of life
What is a slave society?
Caribbean Island where a number of European colonial settlements were located
What is Hispaniola?
The revolutionary movement of Haiti differs from that of the North American Colonies and France in this major way.
What is the revolutionary movement in Haiti was initiated by enslaved people?
Black insurgent leader and one of two self proclaimed generals that emerged as the principle leaders of the movement that attempted negotiations in 1791 to bring an end the conflict.
Who is Georges Biassou?
Third racial group of the French colony who were usually the offspring of the Black and White population
Who are the Free People of Color?
Brutal and harsh with chronic malnutrition and a life expectancy of 7-10 years would describe these conditions
What are the living and working conditions for enslaved people?
This was a French colony on Hispaniola ceded to the French by Spain in 1697 and would later become one of the most profitable colonial settlements in the Western Hemisphere
What is Saint-Domingue?
The revolutionary movement of this European country was happening at the same time of the slave uprisings and revolutionary movement in Haiti.
What is France?
Jacobin activist who denounced slavery and as a civil commissioner appointed several "free colored officers" to the Regiment du Cap
Who is (Leger-Felicite) Sonthonax?
This was the term assigned to newly arrived enslaved Africans
What is Bossales?
These plantations of the French colony were highly lucrative creating a demand for more workers thus expanding the French slave trade rapidly
What are sugar plantations?
This was issued in 1685 by the French King Louis XIV to provide a legal basis for slavery in the French Colony
What is the Code Noir of 1685?
Led by Vincent Oge in 1790 this group demanded their rights in the mountains South of the Northern Plain with this act
What is the Revolt of the Free Men of Color?
Black insurgent leader who was one of the commanders whose forces who gained control of the sugar-growing region of the Northern Plain.
Who is Jean-Francois?
White population of the French colony who achieved great fortune and status
Who are the Grand Blancs?
Name of work gangs in Saint-Domingue that performed the labor on which the growing and processing of sugar depended.
What are Atteliers?
This was a French navigation act requiring colonist to buy supplies from French merchants and only sell products in the mother country
What is the Exclusif?
The term " Haitian Revolution" is often used to label the major event taking place in Haiti between these dates.
What is 1791 and 1804?
Jacobin activist and member of the civil commission who along ith his colleague Sonthonax wrote newspaper articles denouncing slavery.
Who is (Etienne) polverel?
Term assigned to enslaved people born in the colony as well as a term used to describe the combination of African and French cultural elements
Who are Creoles? / What is Creaole?
Slave drivers who directed the work of enslaved people
Who are Commandeurs?
After the storming of the Bastille in Paris on 14 July 1789, the legislators of France's revolutionary National Assembly has issued this
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
With the conclusion of the Haitian Revolution Haiti had the distinction of being the only one of these in the Americas.
What is a free nation with a Black majority of formerly enslaved people?