Law Foundations
This code of law, was a collection of 282 rules created in 1792 BC. It is known for “an eye for an eye”.
What is Hammurabi Code?
A situation where multiple plaintiffs with identical cases, seek collective representation against the same defendant.
What is a class action lawsuit?
A female causing the death of her newborn child through a willful act or omission while she is not fully recovered from childbirth and her mind is disturbed by the effects of giving birth or lactation.
What is infanticide?
This form of punishment was used in Canada until 1976, it was used for severe crimes and has since been replaced with a life sentence.
What is Capital Punishment?
These 3 Canadian provinces have a legal drinking age of 18 years old.
What is Manitoba, Alberta and Quebec?
An action or conduct which is a constituent element of crime, also known as “the guilty act”.
What is Actus Reus?
A sworn body of gathered individuals to hear evidence and render a verdict for the court.
What is a Jury?
This is where serious criminal law cases can go, it is known as the highest level of Canadian court.
What is the Supreme Court of Canada?
When a person between the ages of 12 and 17 is charged with committing a criminal act, they fall under this branch of the courts.
What is the youth criminal justice system, which is governed by the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)?
This act was passed by Canadian parliament in response to the attacks of September 11th 2001.
What is the Canadian Anti-Terrorism Act?
This document sets out the rights and freedoms that Canadian people believe are necessary for a free and democratic society.
What is the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
These are three crucial elements that every contract needs to have in order to be officially valid.
What is Consent, Consideration and Capacity?
Petty crimes and small misdemeanours may receive these penalties rather than a prison sentence.
What is community service, fine, and/or probation?
This act was passed by Canadian Parliament in 1977 and it expresses the goal of extending the law to stop discriminatory acts and promote equality.
What is the Canadian Human Rights Act?
This formally united the Canadian colonies and allowed them to form their own sets of laws and rules.
What is the British North American Act of 1867?
This act was passed in 1974 and it deemed the sole language in Quebec to be French.
What is the Official Language Act?
The area of law that deals with wrongful acts that cause harm to another person, requiring the wrongdoer to pay damages for the injury.
What is Tort Law?
An officer of the law may use this to enter a building or conduct a search of premises without the use of a warrant.
What is Probable Cause?
This province passed a bylaw in 2017 that bans trick-or-treating for those older than 16, with a potential fine of $200 for violations.
What is New Brunswick?
This province prohibits trick-or-treaters/students from wearing masks covering the whole face due to public safety bylaws.
What is Ontario?
This was a tactic used to determine guilt by a duel between the accused. It was thought that God was on the side of the innocent so they would prevail.
What is Trial by Combat?
An area of Law that deals with domestic matters with groups such as divorce and child custody.
What is Family Law?
An offence that is often more serious and warrants a greater punishment, this can have a punishment of up to life in prison.
What is an Indictable Offence?
System where laws are based on judicial precedents from past court decisions.
What is British Common Law?
Under Canada’s Criminal Code, throwing eggs at property on Halloween can lead to this formal charge.
What is mischief to property?