Injury prevention
What is the leading cause of death among children and adolescents in the U.S.?
Firearms
What is the main cause of cavities?
Sugar! It feeds harmful bacteria in the mouth, which produce acids that erode tooth enamel.
What type of pathogen causes the flu: bacteria, virus, or fungus?
Virus
What body system is primarily responsible for allergic reactions?
Immune system
What field of public health studies patterns and causes of disease in populations?
Epidemiology
What population is at highest risk for injury-related death in the U.S.: children, young adults, or older adults?
young adults
What chronic disease is most strongly linked to long-term high sugar intake?
Type 2 diabetes
How can wearing a mask reduce the spread of respiratory infections?
It blocks respiratory droplets
What is a common trigger for severe allergic reactions?
Foods like peanuts or shellfish
What framework explains how social, economic, and environmental factors affect health?
Social determinants of health
What is the primary purpose of “Good Samaritan laws”?
To protect people who help others in emergencies from legal liability
Which macronutrient is our body's main source of energy
Carbohydrates
What is the term for diseases that can spread from animals to humans?
Zoonotic Diseases
What common indoor environmental factor is a major trigger for asthma attacks?
Dust mites, mold, or pet dander
What term describes differences in health outcomes between groups of people?
Health Disparities
What is a common cause of unintentional injuries in the home?
Falls
What federal nutrition program provides food assistance to low-income women, infants, and children?
WIC
What is herd immunity?
When enough people are immune to prevent disease spread
What are the immediate steps to take if a child experiences anaphylaxis after consuming candy, and how does it work to counteract the allergic response
Administer an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) and seek emergency medical help; epinephrine works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and tightening blood vessels to reduce swelling.
What is the leading cause of death globally
Cardiovascular disease
Which federal agency sets safety standards for consumer products to prevent injuries?
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
What active ingredient in sugar-free gum helps prevent cavities?
Xylitol, a sugar alcohol, reduces cavity risk by inhibiting the growth of bacteria that produce acids.
What is the term for the time between exposure to an infection and the appearance of symptoms?
Incubation period
What social factor increases the risk of severe outcomes from allergic reactions?
Limited access to healthcare or lack of epinephrine access
What is one key difference between health equity and health equality?
Equity gives resources based on need, while equality gives the same resources to everyone