Neuro
Progressive muscle weakness that improves with rest and worsens at the end of the day suggests this condition.
What is myasthenia gravis?
A diabetic patient presents with confusion, diaphoresis, tremors, and a blood glucose of 42 mg/dL.
What is hypoglycemia?
Crackles, fever, productive cough, and focal consolidation on chest X-ray indicate this diagnosis.
What is pneumonia?
Right lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and rebound tenderness suggest this diagnosis.
What is appendicitis?
Red blood cell casts on urinalysis are most suggestive of this condition.
What is glomerulonephritis?
Fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status are classic signs of this life-threatening CNS infection.
What is meningitis?
Polyuria, polydipsia, abdominal pain, fruity breath, and Kussmaul respirations suggest this condition.
What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Chronic CO₂ retention with hypoventilation is most commonly seen in patients with this disease.
What is COPD?
Jaundice, ascites, spider angiomas, and confusion suggest this chronic liver condition.
What is cirrhosis?
Urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr in an adult indicates this condition.
What is oliguria?
This triad of hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations suggests increased intracranial pressure.
What is Cushing’s triad?
Stones, bones, groans, and psychiatric overtones are classic signs of this endocrine emergency.
What is hypercalcemia?
Sudden onset dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, tachycardia, and hypoxia in a post-operative patient suggest this condition.
What is a pulmonary embolism?
Sudden severe epigastric pain radiating to the back with elevated lipase indicates this condition.
What is acute pancreatitis?
Peaked T waves on ECG in a patient with renal failure indicate this life-threatening electrolyte abnormality.
What is hyperkalemia?
Damage to this part of the brain commonly causes expressive aphasia, where speech production is impaired but comprehension is intact.
What is Broca’s area?
Muscle cramps, tetany, and a prolonged QT interval are classic findings of this electrolyte abnormality.
What is hypocalcemia?
Absent breath sounds on one side, tracheal deviation, and hypotension indicate this life-threatening condition.
What is a tension pneumothorax?
This is the most common cause of massive upper GI bleeding in patients with cirrhosis.
What are esophageal varices?
Post-renal acute kidney injury is most commonly caused by obstruction at this level in older men.
What is the prostate?
This electrolyte abnormality is a common cause of new-onset seizures in hospitalized patients.
What is hyponatremia?
In thyroid storm, this class of medication is used first to control adrenergic symptoms.
What are beta blockers?
A patient with COPD exacerbation has a low pH, elevated PaCO₂, and normal HCO₃⁻. What acid–base disorder is present?
What is acute respiratory acidosis?
Bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss in a young adult suggest this disease.
What is ulcerative colitis?
Severe flank pain radiating to the groin with hematuria suggests this diagnosis.
What is nephrolithiasis?