Social
bottom of social structure
Who were the ethnic Chinese and minority people of the south?
technology that allowed for mass distribution of books and money
What is the printing press?
prevalent religions
What were Buddhism, Confucianism, and Islam?
Silk Road
What major land route to get there?
dynasties that ruled recently
What were the Song and Yuan Dynasties?
top of social structure
Who were the Mongols, their Central Asian allies, and Muslims?
rice, tea, silk, and porcelain
What was bought and sold?
popular entertainments, particularly musicals
What kind of written works and plays were there?
Indian Ocean Trade Network
What popular ocean based route to get there?
had limited political power
How powerful were the ethnic Chinese?
Chinese womens' rights and status
What is limited and low?
allowed for a rise in trade
What were safe land and sea routes?
innovations from foreigners
What were medical, map, and calendar improvements?
What was the Grand Canal?
made up most of the bureaucracy
Who were the nomadic Central Asians and Muslims?
discouraged relationships between Chinese and themselves
What did the Mongols discourage?
What was the increase in agriculture and trade throughout China?
cities and and sedentary lifestyles
What flourished under Yuan rule?
innovations that made travel easier
What were astrolabes, compasses, junk ships?
had most political power
Who were the artisans and merchants?
disease that resulted from an increase in trade
What was the bubonic plague?
Romance of West Chamber
What was a drama written?
famous Venetian merchant who visited China
Who was Marco Polo?
social group that scholar gentry approved of their improved policies
Who were the peasants?