category 1
Which layers compose the lithosphere?
A. crust and mantle or
B. mantle and inner core
A. crust and mantle
What feature of Earth floats on the semiliquid mantle?
A. tectonic plates
B. core
A. tectonic plates
Like many other landforms, mountains are created by tectonic plate activity. For example, an area may be broken up by a fault, displacing large blocks of the crust that form mountains and valleys. Mountains are also commonly formed when
A. wind, water, or ice deposit enough sediment to form a mountain.
B. pressure from below Earth's surface causes the Earth's crust to fold.
B. pressure from below Earth's surface causes the Earth's crust to fold.
What is the main cause of seafloor spreading?
A. crustal plates sinking due to density differences
B. new rock forming between two crustal plates at a mid-ocean ridge
B. new rock forming between two crustal plates at a mid-ocean ridge
What conditions create a metamorphic rock such as marble?
A. Heat and pressure
B. Weathering and erosion
A. Heat and pressure
Which of the following shows where the lithosphere, mantle, and core would be labeled on a model of Earth's layers?
A. Lithosphere, mantle, core
B. Mantle. core, lithosphere
A. Lithosphere, mantle, core
The lithosphere is one of Earth's layers. What makes up the lithosphere?
A. the mantle and outer core
B. the crust and upper mantle
B. the crust and upper mantle
Mountains can be formed when one plate is forced under another. The plate on top folds up like an accordion and forms mountains. The plate forced under usually melts. What event is most likely to occur after much of the plate forced under has melted?
A. a volcanic eruption
B. an avalanche
A. a volcanic eruption
The two main types of lithospheric plates are oceanic plates and continental plates. What happens along a convergent boundary between an oceanic plate and a continental plate?
A. The oceanic plate is subducted beneath the continental plate, forming a subduction zone.
B. The continental plate is subducted beneath the oceanic plate, forming a subduction zone.
A. The oceanic plate is subducted beneath the continental plate, forming a subduction zone.
Igneous rock is formed from cooling magma. Which process will change igneous rock into sedimentary rock?
A. cooling
B. weathering and erosion
B. weathering and erosion
What is the source of the magma that erupts from a volcano?
A. the inner core
B. the mantle
B. the mantle
Which statement BEST describes the event occurring at this plate boundary? The converging of an ocean and a continental tectonic plate.
A. As the plates collide, the friction between the plates can cause splitting that could produce a rift valley.
B. As the plates collide, the friction between the plates causes heat that can produce a volcano.
B. As the plates collide, the friction between the plates causes heat that can produce a volcano.
A divergent boundary occurs where two plates move in which of the following ways?
A. toward each other
B. away from each other
B. away from each other
Select three of the following that are associated with convergent boundary zones.
A. rift valleys B. shallow to deep earthquakes
C. volcanic mountain ranges D. ocean ridges
E. grassy plains
F. deep-ocean trenches
B. shallow to deep earthquakes
C. volcanic mountain ranges
F. deep-ocean trenches
A piece of slate. Slate is a type of rock that forms when shale rock is exposed to heat and pressure deep under Earth's surface for thousands of years. What type of rock is slate?
A. metamorphic
B. sedimentary
A. metamorphic
Which statement correctly describes the outer core?
B. Composed primarily of iron and nickel, the outer core is a liquid layer that rotates around the inner core, and is responsible for Earth's magnetic field.
C. Composed primarily of silica particles, the outer core is the outermost layer of Earth, and varies in temperature and thickness
B. Composed primarily of iron and nickel, the outer core is a liquid layer that rotates around the inner core, and is responsible for Earth's magnetic field.
What is the BEST explanation for what will most likely occur at this type of plate boundary? A tectonic plate boundary.
A. Volcanic eruptions will occur because the plates slide past each other.
B. Earthquakes will occur when the two different plates slide pass each other.
B. Earthquakes will occur when the two different plates slide pass each other.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
A. All the continents were once one continent that broke up and drifted apart over hundreds of millions of years.
B. The continents have always been separate but may one day drift together to form a single continent.
A. All the continents were once one continent that broke up and drifted apart over hundreds of millions of years.
Part of a gemstone's value is based on the way it shines in reflected light. The way a mineral reflects light is described as the mineral's
A. color. B. luster
B. luster
Areas prone to high winds are most likely to have which type of rock?
A. sedimentary rock, formed when metamorphic rock is exposed to high temperatures and pressure
B. sedimentary rock, formed by the compacting of weathered sediment particles into layers over time
B. sedimentary rock, formed by the compacting of weathered sediment particles into layers over time
Which of the following correctly lists the layers from innermost to outermost?
A. inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust
B. lower mantle, upper mantle, crust, inner core, outer core
A. inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust
What must happen within Earth for a volcano to form?
A. Hot water just under the crust must convect, slowly moving as heat circulates from the mantle to the bottom of the crust, until pressure increases and it erupts.
B. Hot magma in the mantle must convect, slowly moving as heat circulates from the core to the surface, and pulling or pushing the tectonic plates.
B. Hot magma in the mantle must convect, slowly moving as heat circulates from the core to the surface, and pulling or pushing the tectonic plates.
Three geographic and scientific observations are listed below.
I. The continents fit together II. Similar fossils are found on separate continents III. Different types of geographical landforms are found all over the world Which of these observations support the theory of continental drift? A. I, only B. I and II C. II, only D. I, II, and III
B. I and II
Which physical property of a given mineral displays the greatest range in differences?
A. luster B. color
B. color
What is the change of rocks from one type to another type known as?
A. metamorphism
B. the rock cycle
B. the rock cycle