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100
What thermometer uses a pen to tell the data of the temperature?
The recording thermometer
100
We expect substances to _______ in the summer and _______ in the winter.
We expect substances to expand in the summer and contract in the winter. (Like telephone wires)
100
Particles become _____ organized as their energy increases, showing that the substance changes from a solid to a liquid, and to a gas.
Particles become less organized as their energy increases, showing that the substance changes from a solid to a liquid, and to a gas.
100
What are 2 ways to produce electrical energy?
(Possible answers) Hydro-electric dams, generating stations, and solar energy.
100
What is burned in generating stations to produce about 80% of our province's electrical energy?
Coal produces about 80% of electrical energy.
200
Extremely _____ pressures cause ice to flow or even melt at temperatures below ____.
Extremely high pressures cause ice to flow or even melt at temperatures below 0°C.
200
Unlike the particles in solids, the particles in _______ are far apart and moving ______ and freely.
Unlike the particles in solids, the particles in gases are far apart and moving quickly and freely.
200
Define heat capacity.
Amount of thermal energy to cool or warm something by 1 degree celsius.
200
What is the greenhouse effect and a problem about it?
The greenhouse effect is a build-up of many gases released by combustion (burning) of fossil fuels.
It shows the problem of increased flooding as the polar ice caps melt.
200
What gas is produced when a fire is occurring and there isn't enough oxygen?
Carbon monoxide (CO)
300
Who was the first person to cool anything down to absolute zero?
Nobody has been able to.
300
Why do telephone wires sag in the summer?
They sag because the air becomes increasingly hot, expanding the particles in the air, making the telephone wires stretch and sag.
300
During a phase change, the total energy of a substance either increases or decreases. This happens because the particles no longer increases nor decrease their speed; the arrangement of the particles change. The average energy of the particles, however, does not change. Therefore, the temperature of the substances stays constant. The energy change hides from thermometers and is called _________________ or _____________.
During a phase change, the total energy of a substance either increases or decreases. This happens because the particles no longer increases nor decrease their speed; the arrangement of the particles change. The average energy of the particles, however, does not change. Therefore, the temperature of the substances stays constant. The energy change hides from thermometers and is called hidden heat or latent heat.
300
Why doesn't Alberta bring any energy sources like the hot springs to other cities?
It would cost a lot of money to make something to transport it.
How much thermal energy could they supply?
(Many places would be too cold to supply something like that. It would take a long time for people to create another system.)
300
Carbon dioxide, in which all fossil fuels give off as they burn, is a ___________ ____.
Carbon dioxide, in which all fossil fuels give off as they burn, is a greenhouse gas.
400
what temperature does salt water freeze? (in Celsius)
Until it is colder than 0°C. (-1.8°C)
400
What are at least 2 examples of pure substances?
What is water, oxygen, and gold? (Answers may vary)
400
Define evaporative cooling.
A process in which fast-moving particles on the surface evaporate, escaping into the air; the slower-moving particles left behind, have lower kinetic (thermal) energy, decreasing the temperature of the remaining liquid and surface the particles are resting on.
400
Engines of cars, trucks, trains, and aircrafts, generating stations, and large industries tend to get hot and release much thermal energy into the environment. This accidental warming is called _______ __________.
Engines of cars, trucks, trains, and aircrafts, generating stations, and large industries tend to get hot and release much thermal energy into the environment. This accidental warming is called thermal pollution.
400
Many people die from carbon monoxide just from inhaling it. Unless there is a carbon monoxide detector, people don't realize they inhaled it because the gas is ________ and _________.
Many people die from carbon monoxide just from inhaling it. Unless there is a carbon monoxide detector, people don't realize they inhaled it because the gas is odourless and colourless.
500
One advantage and disadvantage of using a thermocouple instead of an ordinary laboratory thermometer.
Advantage- Thermocouples can measure higher temperatures than a regular lab thermometer. Disadvantage- Thermocouples cannot be used to accurately measure low temperatures.
500
In a liquid state, materials have (a/no) _______ size, and (have/don't have) a fixed shape.
In the liquid state, materials have a definite size, and don't have a fixed shape.
500
First-aid experts mention how when someone is in water and get out fully clothed, they should remove all their clothing immediately, to avoid hypothermia. Why?
Because the particles in the liquid will eventually transfer onto the person's skin. Note how these particles can't move great distances before colliding with another particle. Once one particle is on the person's skin, all the particles will eventually transfer, lowering the person's body temperature.
500
What can geothermal energy help with in our environment?
It can be a good alternative for diminishing fossil fuels. Using more of geothermal energy could help reduce wastes from fossil fuels or pollutants burning fossil fuels.
500
What is a harmful affect thermal energy can cause? (apart from forest fires or a burn from a hot metal pan)
1)Large storage tanks are stored underground and leak dangerous chemicals into the soil, harming any wildlife near it, 2)a petroleum product burning, and 3)when industries make petroleum products and use chemicals in the process. Eventually, these chemicals end up in the soil and water, impossible to undo.