The Epidemiology Triangle
It is the cause of the disease
What is infectious agent?
What is fomite?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a disease-causing organism and who has done so for some time, even though the person may have recovered from the disease
What is active carrier?
It is the immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another
What is direct transmission?
It is preventing a disease or disorder before it happens
What is primary prevention?
It is a human or an animal that is susceptible to the disease
What is host?
It is an invertebrate animal that transmits infection by conveying the infectious agent from one host to another
What is vector?
An individual who harbors a pathogen and who, although in the recovery phase of the course of the disease, is still infectious
What is convalescent carrier?
It occurs when an agent is transferred or carried by some intermediate item, organism, means, or process to a susceptible host, resulting in disease
What is indirect transmission?
It is aimed at the health screening and detection activities used to identify disease
What is secondary prevention?
It includes the surroundings and conditions that allow disease transmission
What is environment?
It is the habitat in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows, multiplies, and on which it depends for its survival in nature
What is reservoir?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen but has not become ill or shown any of the symptoms of the disease
It is related to fomites, food, or water that acts as a conveyance
What is vehicle-borne transmission?
It consists of limiting any disability by providing rehabilitation when a disease, injury, or disorder has already occurred and caused damage
What is tertiary prevention?
It represents the incubation period, life expectancy of the host or pathogen, and duration of the illness
What is time?
It is an infectious organism in vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, a fomite, or a vector
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen, is in the beginning stages of the disease, is displaying symptoms, and has the ability to transmit the disease
What is incubatory carrier?
It is when the pathogen undergoes changes as part of its life cycle while within the host/vector and before being transmitted to the new host
What is biological transmission?
It requires behavior change on the part of the individual
What is active primary prevention?
It is a nonliving intermediary such as a fomite, food, or water that conveys the infectious agent from its reservoir to a susceptible host
What is vehicle?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen and who can spread the disease in different places or at different intervals
What is intermittent carrier?
It is when a pathogen spreads using a host as a mechanism for a ride for nourishment, or as part of a physical transfer process
What is mechanical transmission?
It does not require behavior change on the part of the individual
What is passive primary prevention?