Skull Anatomy
This part of the skull contains the facial bones.
What is the viscerocranium?
These three layers protect the brain.
What are the meninges?
The scalp consists of this many layers.
What is five?
This cranial nerve innervates all the facial expression muscles.
What is the Facial Nerve (CN VII)?
This is the largest salivary gland.
What is the parotid gland?
The skull's cranial cavity contains these three main areas.
What are the anterior, middle, and posterior fossae?
This is the tough outer layer of the meninges.
What is the dura mater?
This mnemonic helps remember the layers of the scalp.
What is SCALP?
This muscle is responsible for elevating the eyebrow.
What is the occipitofrontalis?
This viral infection commonly affects the parotid gland.
What is mumps?
This facial bone forms part of the eye socket and cheekbone.
What is the zygomatic bone?
These structures within the dura mater drain blood from the brain.
What are the dural venous sinuses?
This layer of the scalp is considered the "danger area" where infection or blood can spread freely.
What is the loose connective tissue (layer 4)?
This condition affects the facial nerve, causing facial paralysis and difficulty eating or speaking.
What is Bell's Palsy?
This area of the face is dangerous due to its venous connection to the cavernous sinus.
What is the Danger Triangle of the face?
This bone at the base of the skull has a shape resembling a butterfly and forms part of the orbit.
What is the sphenoid bone?
This is the delicate innermost layer of the meninges, directly covering the brain.
What is the pia mater?
The scalp receives its blood supply from branches of these two arteries.
What are the external and internal carotid arteries?
This muscle tightens the cheek and is important for whistling and sucking.
What is the buccinator?
This sign appears as bruising around the eyes and can occur due to blood pooling in loose connective tissue.
What is periorbital ecchymosis?
This structure within the skull contains the internal carotid artery and cranial nerves III, IV, V1, V2, and VI.
What is the cavernous sinus?
This middle layer of the meninges is named for its spider web-like appearance.
What is the arachnoid mater?
In addition to the trigeminal nerve, the scalp receives innervation from these nerves.
What are the upper cervical nerves?
The trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to the face via these three divisions.
What are the ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3) divisions?
These four major parasympathetic ganglia in the head can be remembered by the mnemonic "COPS".
What are the ciliary, otic, pterygopalatine, and submandibular ganglia?