Cranial Nerves & Neural Control
These twelve paired nerves emerge directly from the brain and brainstem rather than the spinal cord.
What are the cranial nerves.
This muscle of mastication is the only one that protrudes the mandible and opens the mouth, with its inferior head being responsible for depression of the mandible.
What is the lateral pterygoid
This branch of the external carotid artery supplies the tongue and is at risk of injury during procedures involving the floor of the mouth.
What is the lingual artery?
“This skull bone contains the sella turcica, which houses the pituitary gland.”
What is the sphenoid bone?
In which week of fetal development does the face of the fetus begin to form?
What is the 4th Week?
“This cranial nerve provides sensation to the face and motor control to the muscles of mastication.”
What is the Trigeminal Nerve
The muscles responsible for facial expression share a common embryologic origin from this pharyngeal arch.
What is the second pharyngeal arch?
This venous sinus receives blood from the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins and is a potential site for spread of infection from the “danger triangle” of the face.
"What is the cavernous sinus?"
This cranial fossa contains the frontal lobes and the cribriform plate.
What is the anterior cranial fossa?
“This branchial arch gives rise to the muscles of mastication and is associated with mandibular development.”
What is the first branchial arch?
Damage to this nerve as it exits the stylomastoid foramen may result in Bell's palsy, which is characterized by unilateral facial drooping and an inability to close one eye.
What is the facial nerve (CN VII)
This group of muscles depresses and stabilizes the hyoid bone following swallowing and includes the sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid.
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
These lymph nodes drain the lateral border of the tongue.
What are deep cervical lymph nodes?
This cervical vertebrae lacks body and spinous process and allows the yes nodding movement of the head
What is the atlas (c1)
This paranasal sinus is most commonly associated with referred pain to the maxillary posterior teeth.
What is the maxillary sinus?
"This cranial nerve provides the sensory limb of the gag reflex and carries taste from the posterior one-third of the tongue."
What is the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)?
What region of the pharynx serves as a common pathway for both air and food?
What is the oropharynx
This artery enters the mandibular foramen and provides the primary blood supply to mandibular teeth.
What is the Inferior Alveolar Artery?
This radiolucent structure is located between the maxillary central incisors and can be mistaken for a cyst if enlarged.
What is the incisive foramen?
This salivary gland is the most common gland to be involved in salivary stone formation or sialoliths.
What is the submandibular gland.
“This cranial nerve is tested clinically by asking a patient to stick out their tongue.”
What is the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?
This cranial nerve may be temporarily affected during a PSA local anesthesia administration, causing inability of the medial movement of the eye.
What is CN III (oculomotor)
This autonomic division is responsible for “rest and digest” and stimulates saliva production in dental patients.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
This part of the TMJ is like a cushion between the bones so your jaw moves smoothly.
What is the articular disc?
"This type of oral mucosa is found on the dorsal surface of the tongue and contains taste buds within certain papillae."
What is specialized mucosa?