Terminology
The posterior part of the eye seen through an ophthalmoscope
What is Fundus
Expressed as two numbers, the numerator (top number) indicates the distance of the patient from the chart and this number should always be 20 unless the patient moved closer for testing, and the denominator (bottom number) is the distance at which a normal eye can read the line of letters.
What is Visual Acuity
Scaliness of eyebrows may be seen with this condition
What is seborrheic dermatitis
drooping of the upper lid.
What is Ptosis
Conjunctival injection: diffuse dilatation of conjunctival vessels with redness that tends to be maximal peripherally
What is Conjunctivitis
The entire area seen by an eye when it looks at a central point.
What is Visual field
Has the largest letter on the top line and the smallest letters on the bottom row.
What is the Snellen chart
lateral sparseness may occur in the eyebrows
What is hypothyroidism
An inward turning of the lid margin, more common in the elderly
What is entropion
Leakage of blood outside of the vessels, producing a homogeneous, sharply demarcated, red area that fades over days to yellow and then disappears
What is Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
The coordinated action of six muscles: the four rectus (superior, lateral, medial, and inferior) and two oblique (inferior and superior), control the eye.
What is extraocular movements
Used for testing children’s vision or people who are unable to read. It has rows with the letter, E facing different positions. The top row is the largest and the bottom row has the smallest.
What is the E -chart
A triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows slowly across the outer surface of the cornea, usually from the nasal side.
What is Pterygium.
the margin of the lower lid is turned outward, exposing the palpebral conjunctiva
What is ectropion
Ciliary injection: dilation of deeper vessels that are visible as radiating vessels or a reddish violet flush around the limbus.
What is Corneal Injury or Infection
An area of lost or depressed vision within the visual field and is surrounded by an area of normal vision.
What is Scotoma
Test near vision with a special hand-held card (e.g., Jaeger) held 14 inches away from the eyes. The test identifies the need for reading glasses or bifocals.
What is the Near Test
Opacities of the lenses visible through the pupil; most common in old age.
What are Cataracts
The eyeball protrudes forward. When bilateral, it suggests the infiltrative ophthalmopathy of Graves hyperthyroidism.
What is Exophthalmos
Steamy cloudy cornea. Acute increase in intraocular pressure—an emergency
What is glaucoma
Is usually from excess light entering the eye, which may overexcite the photoreceptors in the retina.
What is Photophobia or light sensitivity
A person with a vision of 20/200
What is legally blind
A superficial grayish white opacity in the cornea, secondary to an old injury or to inflammation.
What is Corneal Scar
A painful, tender red infection in a gland at the margin of the eyelid.
What is Sty or hordeolum
Moderate, aching, deep pain, decreased vision, absent ocular discharge
What is Acute Iritis