Organizational Design
The purpose of ____ is to bring people together, while avoiding the negative effects of differences in power of different participants and of limits in perspectives of each department and level in the hierarchy.
a. parallel organization
b. informed consent
c. process evaluation
d. external organization
a. parallel organization
One myth about motivation is that motivated workers ____.
a. have higher salaries
b. are more competent
c. are more productive
d. have more responsibilities
c. are more productive
____ are groups of people responsible for producing goods or providing services.
a. Support teams
b. Management teams
c. Governing boards
d. Work teams
d. Work teams
____ give(s) people a level of trust and confidence in each other, facilitating communication and making it easier to cooperate.
a. Contracts
b. Relationships
c. Dependence
d. Stability
b. Relationships
____ is the use of not-so-subtle influence dynamics to achieve desired goals.
a. Persuasion
b. Power
c. Conviction
d. Coercion
d. Coercion
____ is the long-term market position and uniqueness that is not easily duplicable by rivals.
a. Competitive advantage
b. Competitive identity
c. Systems advantage
d. Systems identity
a. Competitive advantage
Formal arrangements between two or more organizations for purposes of ongoing cooperation and mutual gain/risk sharing is referred to as ____.
a. strategic agreements
b. aligned agreements
c. strategic alliances
d. aligned alliances
c. strategic alliances
____ and conflict-management systems are subsets of relational norms underlying the processes of exchange over time.
a. Trust
b. Intent
c. Productivity
d. Competition
a. Trust
____ organizational structures maintain their traditional functional structures and create program structures for just one or two programs.
a. Divergent
b. Decentralized
c. Duplicate
d. Hybrid
d. Hybrid
____ provides the autonomy to individuals to make decisions that influence organizational outcomes.
a. Job redesign
b. Empowerment
c. Social support
d. Motivation
b. Empowerment
____ are rules that standardize how people act at work on a day-to-day basis.
a. Guidelines
b. Societal norms
c. Behavior norms
d. Performance norms
c. Behavior norms
The ____ principle is the need for people to behave in ways that are consistent with previously declared values and norms.
a. sequencing
b. normative
c. familiarity
d. consistency
d. consistency
____ is the tendency for others to exchange equal levels of goods and services.
a. Bartering
b. Sharing
c. Reciprocity
d. Fairness
c. Reciprocity
____ is the development of a broad formula prescribing a way in which a business competes and collaborates, sets goals, and establishes policies to carry out those goals in order to achieve the organizational mission.
a. Designing
b. Planning
c. Collaboration
d. Strategy
d. Strategy
Larger alliances typically have more purchasing ____ because they can buy in larger volume.
a. power
b. expertise
c. incentives
d. necessities
a. power
A ____ is “a person who uses up a commodity; a purchaser of goods or services, a customer,” as opposed to one who produces goods or services (producer or provider).
a. client
b. patient
c. manufacturer
d. consumer
d. consumer
The degree to which different elements of work need to fit together refers to them as being ____________________.
a. interconnected
b. disconnected
a. interconnected
b. disconnected
____ can be useful in collecting information about beliefs and attitudes as long as they are anonymous and there is assurance the results will be acted on.
a. Interviews
b. Employee surveys
c. Public forums
d. Evaluations
b. Employee surveys
Teams have a defined purpose, membership or composition, structure, specific processes, and ___________________.
a. leadership
b. diversity
a. leadership
Psychologists have discovered that people sometimes have what they call “____” on various beliefs and opinions, and their willingness to be flexible on these positions can depend on how much they are asked to change.
a. anchor positions
b. flexible positions
c. stubbornness
d. overconfidence
a. anchor positions
____________________ is the ability to exert influence or control over others.
Power
The existence and enactment of a company ____ ________ is critical to a firm’s success.
mission statement
The first and most basic expected outcome of alliances refers to financial performance and addresses the issue of whether the alliance is primarily conceived for cost reduction or ____.
a. revenue enhancement
b. revenue reduction
c. accountability enhancement
d. accountability reduction
a. revenue enhancement
____ care is a form of medical care delivery that caters to the wealthy and upper middle classes.
a. Supreme
b. Elite
c. Concierge
d. Elevated
c. Concierge
___________ is the exchange of information between two people, one of whom is responsible for overseeing the work of the other.
a. supervision
b. consensual agreement
c. shared objectives
d. alienated forces
a. supervision
One of the best ways to motivate physicians include ____.
a. distributing guidelines and protocols
b. financial incentives
c. traditional medical education programs
d. reminders and feedback
d. reminders and feedback
A major challenge resulting from ____________________ is managing these multiple viewpoints and worldviews and the conflicts that may result from interactions among many team members.
a. status
b. diversity
b. diversity
One reason that broad involvement of many different stakeholders is crucial to the success of a communicator is that stakeholders can ____.
a. determine their worth
b. demand better benefits
c. reluctantly comply
d. offer their expertise
d. offer their expertise
The three strategies that are the most common when individuals engage another party and seek resolution are ____.
a. compromising, competing, and collaborating
b. compromising, competing and consistency
c. creating, combining and consistency
d. creating, cost-effectiveness and collaborating
a. compromising, competing, and collaborating
A number of factors affect uncertainty in the environment and therefore strategic planning for an organization: (1) political/legislative changes, (2) technology innovation, and (3) changing ____.
a. trends
b. customer demand
c. organizational policy
d. cultures
b. customer demand
To form a successful alliance, the members of the alliance need to be able to learn from their experience and to build additional ____ as needed.
a. lines of evidence
b. outputs
c. capital
d. capabilities
d. capabilities
____ refers to the freedom to follow or act according to one’s own will.
a. Autonomy
b. Responsibility
c. Motivation
d. Ambition
a. Autonomy
____ is the specification of the training required to perform work.
a. Standardization of work
b. Standardization of skills
c. Standardization of compliance
d. Standardization of competence
b. Standardization of skills
The causes of motivational problems often fall into three categories: (1) inadequate definition of the desired performance, (2) impediments to employee performance, and (3) ____.
a. too much autonomy
b. inadequate performance–reward linkages
c. internal review structures
d. behavioral shortcomings
b. inadequate performance–reward linkages
___________________ refers to the degree to which team members must rely on one another to perform work effectively.
a. status
b. task interdependence
c. communication networks
d. diversity
b. task interdependence
Effective speakers “package” their message using one or more of the three persuasive means of conveying a message: ethos (character), ____________________ (emotion), and logos (logic).
pathos - emotions
____________________ concerns how parties approach, deal with, and resolve conflict and which personal, social, and environmental factors affect that process.
Conflict management
____ power is when customers seek to drive down price and improve quality.
a. Buyer
b. Intentional
c. Supplier
d. Group
a. Buyer
Alliance problems can be viewed as generally falling into the following categories: environmental problems, strategy problems, structure problems, and ___________________ problems.
behavior
____ is the discipline concerned with ethical questions and actions in medicine and biology.
a. Bioregulation
b. Biointegrity
c. Bioethics
d. Biofeedback
c. Bioethics