Health Care
The ability of an individual to obtain health care when needed
What is Access?
This payment method gives a fixed amount per day for a patient's care, no matter how many services are provided that day.
What is per diem?
Health care is financed by the government through general taxes, but health care itself is delivered by private providers.
What is Canada?
This level focuses on personal choices like diet, exercise, and smoking that affect a person's health.
What is the individual level?
This justice model believes that health care is a shared societal responsibility, and everyone should have equal access to care, regardless of ability to pay.
What is social justice?
A place where people go for emergency medical services.
What is Emergency room (ER)?
A fixed amount you pay for a health service, like a doctor's visit.
What is a copay?
Health care is financed by government-mandated employer and employee contributions, and health care is also delivered by private providers. Private not-for-profit insurance companies—called sickness funds—collect the contributions and pay physicians and hospitals.
What is Germany?
Health habits, beliefs, and behaviors are often learned from this small social unit where people live together.
What is the family level?
This system says health care is an economic good, and access is based on a person's willingness and ability to pay.
What is market justice?
This common diagnostic test involves drawing a sample to check things like blood sugar, cholesterol, and signs of infection.
What is a blood test?
This method pays one set price for all services related to a treatment or surgery, even if it includes multiple visits or providers.
What is package pricing?
The infrastructure of healthcare delivery is managed by the government, as is the financing of a tax-supported national health insurance program.
What is United Kingdom?
This level looks at trends in health across large groups to shape public health policies and programs.
What is the population level?
This type of justice is about the fair distribution of resources, including health care, based on needs and equity.
What is distributive justice?
This federal program provides health insurance to people 65 and older.
What is Medicare?
In this system, a pre-determined amount is paid in advance based on the patient's diagnosis or treatment category.
What is prospective reimbursement?
This country struggles with unequal access, has average health outcomes despite high spending, faces legal risks that affect provider behavior, and in a survey, 42% of people said they couldn’t get medical care the same or next day, while 18% skipped medication due to cost.
What is United State?
Access to parks, schools, healthy food, and safe housing are examples of how this group setting affects health.
What is the community level?
In this justice model, health care is considered a human right, and governments are responsible for ensuring access to care for all.
What is rights-based justice?
The largest source of health insurance coverage in the U.S.
What is employer-sponsored insurance?
This is when a doctor gets paid the same amount every month for each patient, even if the patient doesn’t go to the doctor.
What is Capitation
This country provides basic universal health coverage, but many citizens still buy additional insurance through their employer. The government pays about 70% of health costs, with the rest covered by patients or private insurance. Most medical offices are privately owned and operated.
What is Canada?
To truly improve health, we must consider individual, family, community, and population factors. These are called what?
What are determinants of health?
Many countries use a combination of this market-focused and society-focused justice model to shape their health care systems.
What are market justice and social justice?