Protein
What macronutrient is essential for building and repairing tissues and is made of amino acids?
What is Protein
What vitamin helps the body absorb calcium and supports bone health?
What is Vitamin D?
Name one mineral important for strong bones.
What is calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, fluoride?
Which macronutrient is the body's main source of quick energy?
What is: The macronutrient that is the body’s main source of quick energy is Carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose (sugar), which the body uses right away for energy, especially for the brain and muscle
Name the macronutrient that provides long-term energy storage and insulation.
What are: Fats
Fats store energy for later use and also help keep the body warm by acting as insulation.
Name two complete protein sources commonly found in animal products?
What is eggs, salmon, chicken, turkey breast, etc.
Which vitamin is produced by the body when skin is exposed to sunlight?
Vitamin D
Which mineral helps carry oxygen in red blood cells?
What is Iron? It is part of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen and transports it throughout the body.
Differentiate between simple and complex carbohydrates with an example of each.
What is:
Carbohydrates come in two main types: simple and complex.
Simple carbohydrates:
Complex carbohydrates:
List two functions of dietary fats in the body.
What are:
Fats have several important jobs in the body. Two key functions are:
Explain why some plant proteins are considered "incomplete" and give one example of combining foods to form a complete protein.
Some plant proteins are considered “incomplete” because they do not contain enough of one or more of the nine essential amino acids that the body cannot make on its own. For example, many grains are low in lysine, while many legumes are low in methionine.
What are water soluble vitamins verse fat soluble vitamins?
Water-soluble vitamins (like Vitamin C) are vitamins that dissolve in water. The body does not store much of them, so they need to be eaten regularly. Any extra usually leaves the body in urine.
Fat-soluble vitamins (like Vitamin A) are vitamins that dissolve in fat. The body can store them in fat and the liver, so you don’t need them every day, but too much can build up over time
What mineral is important for nerve function and is found in bananas?
What is Potassium? The mineral important for nerve function and commonly found in bananas is Potassium. It helps nerves send signals properly and supports normal muscle movement, including the heart.
Why are whole grains healthier than refined grains?
Whole grains are healthier than refined grains because they keep more of the parts of the grain that your body needs.
Whole grains (like whole wheat bread or oatmeal) still have:
Refined grains (like white bread or white rice) have had parts removed, so they:
Why are trans fats considered unhealthy?
Fats are needed by the body, but trans fats are a type that is unhealthy.
Trans fats are considered unhealthy because they:
Describe the role of enzymes (which are proteins) in digestion and one example.
Enzymes are proteins that help break food into smaller pieces so the body can use it for energy and growth.
Explain symptoms of vitamin D deficiency in adolescents.
What are:
Explain how iron deficiency anemia can affect energy and concentration.
What is: Iron deficiency anemia happens when the body does not have enough Iron. Iron helps red blood cells carry oxygen to the body and brain.
When iron is low, the body and brain get less oxygen.
This can cause:
How does fiber (a type of carbohydrate) affect digestion and blood sugar?
Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that the body cannot fully digest.
How fiber affects digestion:
How fiber affects blood sugar:
Name two signs of mild dehydration
Two signs of mild dehydration are:
Approximately how much protein should a 16 year old female consume that is 120lbs?
A 16-year-old female who weighs 120 pounds generally needs about 45–55 grams of protein per day, depending on activity level and overall health.
Describe why mega-dosing fat-soluble vitamins can be harmful.
Fat-soluble vitamins—like Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, and Vitamin K—can be stored in the body’s fat and liver.
Because they are stored instead of quickly removed, taking very large amounts (mega-dosing) can cause them to build up over time. This buildup can become toxic and harm the body.
Why it can be harmful:
Describe the role of sodium in the body and risks of excessive intake.
Simple way to remember:
Sodium is needed in small amounts, but too much can make the body hold too much water and strain the hear
Explain how glycogen is used by the body during exercise.
Carbohydrates are stored in the body as glycogen in the muscles and liver.
During exercise:
If exercise lasts a long time:
What percentage of the human body is roughly made up of water? (approximate)
What is approximately 60%?