Healthcare Systems
Federal program that provides health insurance to adults 65 years and older and people under 65 who have certain conditions
Medicare
Physical or mental disorder in the structure of function of the body
Disease
Assigning a disease or medical condition to an illness or set of symptoms
Labeling
Degree to which the poor live apart from wealthier groups
Economic Segregation
Field of study focused on the description and prevention of disease and illness
Public Health
Joint federal and state government program that provides health insurance for low-income families or individuals
Medicaid
Loss or diminishment of physical or mental function
Impairment
Characteristic of an individual or group that is seen as inferior or undesirable
Stigma
Set of beliefs and ideologies, and the social structure that they create through policies and institutions, based on the idea that men are superior to women
Structural Sexism
Study of features of human populations such as births, deaths, aging, and migration
Demography
Federal health care law, signed by President Obama, that expanded health insurance coverage
Affordable Care Act
A limitation created when an impairment isn’t accommodated in the physical and social environment
Disability
Consistent with the norms and values within a society
Socially Legitimate
Social elements of one’s work, school, or neighborhood, including violence, civic participation, and cohesion
Social Environment
Study of the frequency, patterns, and determinants of health-related states and events
Epidemiology
The government pays all health care costs and funds it through taxes. Health care providers, including hospitals and doctors, can be employed by the government or have their own private practice
Beveridge Model
Illness that is disputed or questioned by medical experts
Contested Illness
Process by which ordinary experiences are defined in medical terms, or by which circumstances previously regulated by religion or the law come to be defined in medical terms
Medicalization
Human-made/built (housing, roads, pollution) and natural (rivers, climate) features of a work, school, or neighborhood context)
Physical Environment
The perspective that people are embedded within social networks and relationships, which are embedded in neighborhoods and communities, which are then embedded in a broader socio-political context
Socio-Ecological Model
Everyone is required to have health insurance, which is funded jointly by employers and employees and isn’t intended to make a profit. While health insurance operates through employers, the government provides oversight of costs. Health care providers are generally private.
Bismarck Model
Illness experiences that are caused by mental factors such as stress or anxiety
Psychosomatic Illness
Rights and responsibilities of a person who has a socially legitimate illness
Sick Role
Effects of one context or situation on a seemingly unrelated context or situation
Spillover Effects
An emerging interdisciplinary field that integrates social factors with genetics to understand health
Social Genomics