Beveridge Model
Care is free at the point of use/care in this system
What is the Beveridge Model?
The insurance payments came from the employers and employees.
What is the Bismarck Model?
The government is the sole insurer and everyone else pays into the single public plan.
What is the National Health Insurance Model?
The individual pays the medical bill every time.
What is the Out-of-Pocket Model?
This country's health system is a classic example.
What is the United Kingdom?
The insurers are private and independent organizations (non-profits).
What are sickness funds?
Doctors and other healthcare providers are private and would bill a single public fund managed by the government.
Who are private poviders billing the single-payer?
There is not an established, broad insurance system, only the payments between patients and doctors.
What is direct payment by patients?
The system is solely funded by the government through taxes paid by the general public.
What is general taxation?
The "sickness funds" negotiate medical fees with the providers.
What do sickness funds negotiate with providers?
Both the citizens and the employers would pay into this pool fund.
What is public insurance financing?
Many people (usually of low-income countries) would avoid seeing a doctor even when they are sick because they would have to pay the bill in full.
What is delaying/avoiding care due to cost?
Providers are government employees.
Who are government-employed doctors and nurses?
Coverage is required for everyone.
What is mandatory converage?
A combination of single-payer adminstration and private care delivery.
What is hybrid of public insurance and private provision?
What is the result of no insurance safety net?
A common criticism of this system is the extended period that patients have to wait for non-emergency procedures.
What are waiting times?
Insurers must cover any pre-existing conditions/illnesses that the members have when they sign up.
What are health issues present at enrollment?
The government sets up a systematic finance approach that determines the provider payments
What is a fee schedule?
This model/system often leads individuals into a financial loss due to excessive personal medical expenses.
What is medical bankruptcy?